Oeder STEGANOPODES.] 
[Fam. PELECANID^. 
PHALACEOCORAX PFXCTATUS. 
(SPOTTED SHAG.) 
Spotted Shag, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 602 (1785). 
Pelecamis punctatus, Sparrm. Mus. Carls, t. 10 (1786). 
Pelecanus ncevius, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 675 (1788). 
Phalacrocorax ncevius, Cuv. Eegn. An. i. p. 525 (1817). 
Hydrocorax dilophus, Vieill. N. Diet. d’Hist. Nat. viii. p. 85 (1817). 
Phalacrocorax punctatus, Steph. Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 88 (1825). 
Graucalus punctatus. Gray, in Dieff. Trav. ii., App. p. 201 (1843). 
Gracalus punctatus. Gray, Voy. Ereb. and Terr., Birds, p. 20 (1844). 
Sticticarho giUMCtatus, Bonap. C. E. xliii. p. 574 (1856). 
Graculus punctatus. Gray, Ibis, 1862, p. 252. 
Ad. fronte et nuch4 valde cristatis : pileo et collo toto postico sordid^ cinerascentibus, viridi-nigricante lavatia, hoc 
lateraliter pluraulis albis ornato : fascia lata alb^ ab oculo per collum laterale decurrente et ad pectus 
laterale products : facie lateral! reliqua et jugulo toto viridi-nigricantibus vix cinerascentibus, hoc plumulis 
parvis albis ornato : interscapulio, scapularibus et tectricihus alarum pulchre cinerascentibus, phrmis omnibus 
apicaliter nigro minute punctatis, tectricibus minimis nigro marginatis : remigibus saturate brunneis, 
primariis extus ad basin cinerascente lavatis, secundariis omnino pulchre cinerascentibus : dorso postico, 
urypygio et supracaudalibus viridi-nigricantibus ; dorso imo lateraliter plumulis albis ornato ; caudh nigra, 
suprh obscure cinerascente lavat^ : subths pulchre grisescenti-cinereus : ahdomine imo et suheaudalibus 
viridi-nigricantibus ; subalaribus brunneis, nigricante lavatis : rostro brunnescenti-flavo : pedibus aurantiacis : 
iride viridi. 
Juv. pallidior, dorsi plumis minhs distincte apicatis : dorso postico et uropygio cinerascentibus : pileo et collo postico 
toto cinerascentibus : facie et collo lateralibus et corpore subths toto albidis, pectoris lateribus et hypo- 
chondriis imis cinerascentibus. 
Adult. Crown of the head, with vertical and occipital crests, glossy greyish black ; sides of the head, throat, and 
anterior portion of fore neck sooty black ; a white stripe, commencing at the nostrils, passes over the eyes 
and increases beyond, being about an inch wide under the occipital crest, then gradually diminishes and 
passes down the sides of the neck to the roots of the wings ; lower part of the neck in front, the breast, 
sides of the body, and upper part of abdomen uniform delicate leaden grey ; lower part of hind neck, 
shoulders, mantle, and upper surface of wings brownish ash, all the feathers, excepting the quills and long 
scapulars, with a terminal spot of velvety black : these spots are most conspicuous on the interscapulars, and 
impart to the plumage a very lively effect ; the small coverts along the edges of the mugs and at the humera 
flexure are merely shaded with purplish brown at the tips; primary quills dark brown, burnished with 
silvery grey on their outer webs ; inner surface of wings dark ashy brown ; tail-feathers black, the shafts bluish 
white towards the base. The vertical and occipital crests consist of soft, narrow, silky feathers, the longest 
occipital measuring two inches, and the longest vertical about half that length. The sides of the head and 
the neck in front and behind are further ornamented with projecting plume-like white feathers of a silky 
texture, and varying in length to about an inch; the thighs also are ornamented in a similar manner, hut to 
a less extent, the effect being produced by minute white feathers at the extremities of fine hair-like stalks, 
the web alone appearing above the surface of the surrounding plumage. Irides green ; bare skin in front 
of the eyes dark blue; bill brownish yellow, horn-coloured at the tips; legs and feet bright orange-yellow. 
Total length 27'5 inches ; wing, from flexure, 10 ; tail 3'75 ; bill, along the ridge 2'4, along the edge of 
lower mandible 3; tarsus 2'25; longest toe and claw 3'75. 
