EXPLORA.TIONS OF THE ALLEGHANY REGION AND WESTERN INDIANA. 121 
worthy of note is in the much greater abundance of Chrosomus oreas^ Squalitis fun- 
duloides, Etlieostoma podosiemone, and Notropis megalops cerasinus. Even the eel and 
the rock bass are found in Bottom Creek. It is said that brook trout are occasionally 
taken here, but none were seen. 
2. Roanoke {Staunton) River at Salem and Roanoke, Va., July 31, August 1, 
August 2 ; temperature 82°. 
The Roanoke or Staunton River from Salem to Roanoke is comparatively clear, 
with alternations of shallow, swift places, where the river flows over shingle and rocks, 
and long, still stretches where the bottom is more or less muddy. The shoal areas, 
many of which are used as fords, are about one-half mile apart, and some of them are 
excellent as collecting grounds. Collections were made below the mill, southwest of 
Salem ; about the mouth of Mason’s Creek, 2 miles below Salejn ; at the bridge, 2 
miles southwest of Roanoke, and at various places within 3 miles of this bridge, in the 
direction of Salem. All these localities are good. The shoal immediately under and 
below the bridge at Roanoke is probably the best. 
3. Mason's Creek, 2 miles east of Salem. August 1 ; temperature 82°. A small, 
clear stream, its water scarcely colder tliau that of the river. It was seined near 
its mouth. Its fishes are the same as those found in the river. 
4. Back Creek at Poage’s Mill, 10 miles south of Salem. August 1; temperature 
77°. This is a small, clear, sandy stream, its waters quite warm. It rises on the 
eastern side of Bent Mountain opposite the source of Bottom Creek. The following 
species were found here : 
1. Moxostoma cervinum (Cope). 
Under the mill dams. 
2. Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque). 
Common. 
3. Chrosomus oreas (Cope). 
Very common. Some of the specimens remarkably brilliant in color. 
4. Notropis megalops cerasinus (Cope). 
Very abundant and very brightly colored. 
5 Hybopsis kentuckiensis (Rafinesque). 
Specimens very short and deep ; abundant in the mill-pond ; scales 41. 
6. Rhlnichthys atronasus (Mitchill). 
Common. 
7. Squalius vandoisulus (Cuv. & Val.). 
Scarce. 
8. Etheostoma flabellare (Rafinesque). 
Scarce. 
The following is a list of the species found in the river: 
1. Noturus insignis (Richardson). Mad Tom. 
Very common, especially in grassy places in the river. In life, pale yellow, nearly 
uniform; all specimens, large and small, with the dorsal, anal, and caudal broadly 
edged with jet-black, the basal part of the fin pale. Caudal long, rounded at tip. 
