188 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
The engines fitted to these vessels are of the ordinary inverted compound surface- 
condensing type with an intermediate receiver. The cylinders are 12 inches and 24 
inches in diameter, the stroke being 24 inches. They are supplied with steam by an 
ordinary return-tube steel boiler. 
The vessels are classed 90 A1 at Lloyd’s, and as shown in the illustration are dandy- 
rigged. There is, however, no mizzen-mast proper, the funnel serving for hoisting the 
after-sail upon, a plan which has evoked most hearty expressions of contempt from 
some old-fashioned fishermen, but which according to some authorities has stood the 
test of practical experience and been found to answer well. In regard to the fault 
found about the funnel serving as a mast, I have heard many complaints from those 
competent to judge of its merits, and was credibly informed that it had so far proved 
a failure that many of the owners who have had their vessels provided with funnels of 
this kind are discarding them and are using the ordinary smoke-stack. There is no 
bowsprit. It is anticipated that the engines will give about 120 indicated horse-power, 
and with the fine water lines and beautiful models Mr. Eedway has given these craft 
a good speed should be attained. 
The vessels constructed on this design, though sharper than those built for the 
Grimsby Company, are well proportioned, both for speed and sea-worthiness, and 
when large carrying capacity is not specially required it is difficult to see where their 
form can be improved. 
3. LONG-LINE STEAMER. 
Steamers have recently been employed successfully in the long-line fisheries of the 
North Sea. The first vessel of this class was the Albatross (Plate 26), which was 
built in the summer of 1884 for Mr. T. F. Eobertson-Carr, of Berwick (now, 1889, Tyne- 
mouth). Mr. Carr states that this was the eighth vessel of the kind which has been 
constructed with a view to arrive at the class of boat that is now wanted on the east 
coast; she is 10 feet longer than any of the rest. He adds: ‘‘What defects I have 
seen in those already built I have remedied.” 
In her leading characteristics this vessel is not very much unlike the Scotch 
steam-trawlers and steam-drifters, which are discussed at length elsewhere. As will 
appear by the following description, she is so designed that she is equally well adapted 
to either the drift-net or long-line fishery — though intended for the latter industry — 
and it is now deemed probable that this class of small steamers will supersede the 
Scotch fishing luggers, unless steam-tugs are to be extensively used to tow the sailing 
boats to and from the fishing grounds. 
The Albatross is a wooden screw steamer, built under Lloyd’s special survey. She 
has an ^fliptical stern, and a handsome model, the lines being specially fine under 
water. She is 75 feet long over all, 70 feet between perpendiculars, 17 feet extreme 
beam, and 8 feet 9 inches deep. The engines are of the compound surface-condensing 
type, specially designed for craft of this description, and fitted with patent air and 
circulating pumps. These engines occupy less space than any other ; besides, they are 
simple and more effective than the ordinary form of compound marine engines, while 
the consumption of fuel is considerably less. The high-pressure cylinder is 8 inches 
in diameter, and the low-pressure 16 inches diameter, with a stroke of 12 inches. She 
has a working pressure of 100 pounds per square inch, and 45 indicated horse-power. 
