BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION, 
/. Gill-rakers very few and short, x + 8 developed (besides some rudiments) General color 
pale, bright red, or grayish, with roundish spots or blotches of black or 
red darker than the ground color; the blacker blotches along middle of sides 
much larger and quadrate in the young; red always present somewhere in life 
(fading in spirits) ; pectorals blackish, in the adult broadly tipped with 
orange-yellow ; scales rather small (about 125) ; caudal lunate. 
Venenosa, 46. 
y. General color gray, with red and black markings var. venenosa. 
yy. General color scarlet, with red and black markings var. apua. 
ff. Gill-rakers rather slender, about x-flO (besides several rudiments) ; caudal subtruncate; 
nostrils small. 
g. Scales not very small (about 110)); color dark olive-green, sides of head and 
body with rivulations of nark bluish around roundish dark bronze spots, 
large or small (these markings subject to considerable variation, fading in 
spirits); sides with darker quadrate areas Bonaci, 47. 
e. Dark blotches on body rather large, often quadrate var. bonaci. 
zz. Dark spots on body very small, close set of a deep bronze-orange. 
var. xanthosticta. 
gg. Scales very small ( 30 to 140); angle of preopercle not salient, but the teeth at 
the angle somewhat larger ; general form, appearance, and color of E. bonaci. 
Color olive-green ; head with numerous dark green streaks radiating from 
eye; a dark mustache along maxillary; body with small, irregular, dark, 
quadrate blotches; fins, except pectorals, mostly dusky Jokdani, 48. 
ee. Angle of preopercle more or less salient, its teeth somewhat enlarged ; gill-rakers more 
numerous, x + 12 to 14. 
h. Scales very small (about 140); caudal peduncle without black spot; interorbital area 
scarcely concave; cheeks without distinct dusky stripes; commissure with- 
out yellow ; caudal distinctly lunate ; gill-rakers few, about 12 on lower part 
of anterior arch .Miceolepis, 49. 
hh. Scales rather small (about 120) ; interorbital area chan neled ; angle of preopercle little 
salient ; body slender ; caudal little concave ; sides with small, faint spots of 
darker; commissure with yellow-green Interstitialis, 50. 
ggg. Scales not very small (about 110); upper part of body dark brown, the lower 
half abruptly paler; a pale ring around caudal peduncle, behind which is a 
squarish dark blotch, smaller than eye, at base of upper rays of caudal; 
caudal deeply lunate; teeth strong Dimidiata, 51. 
dd. Anal fin angulated, its middle rays much exserted, its posterior margin concave ; body rather 
robust; scales moderate (about 110); caudal fin subtruucate; gill-rakers 
about X -|- 18 ; angle of preopercle slightly salient, with coarser teeth ; seventh 
ray of anal nearly half head; tenth ray of dorsal somewhat produced; color 
nearly plain dark olivaceous, the edges of the fins scarcely darker. 
Xenarcha, 52. 
cc. Gill- rakers very long and slender, in greatly increased number (x -|- 25 to 35). {ParepinepiJielus 
Bleeker.) 
h. Caudal fin lunate, its angles more or less produced in the adult, the fin subtruncate in 
the young; anal fin more or less angulate in the adult, rounded in the 
young; soft dorsal somewhat angular ; scales rather large (lat. 1., 95) ; body 
rather deep, the snout sharp ; preopercle with a salient angle which is armed 
with larger teeth ; dorsal spines low ; gill-rakers close set, x -[- 30, the longest 
7^ in head; ventrals not reaching to vent; color olive-gray with darker 
reticulations around pale spots; fins not much darker on their edges; a 
dark mustache along the maxillary ; adult examples nearly uniform brown. 
Kubra, 53. 
