REVIEW OF THE SERRANID^. 
411 
100. SERRANUS CABRILLA. 
(Serran; Serrano; Cabrilla.) 
Perea cabrilla Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., I, Ed. X, 294, 1758 (no locality, and of most early authors and 
copyists). 
Serranus cabrilla Cuv. & Val., II, 1828, 223, PI. XXIX; Gunther, i, 106, and of authors generally. 
Pseudoserranus cabrilla Klunzinger, Fische des Rothen Meeres, 1884, 7. 
? Labrus chanus Forskal Descr. Aniin., 1775, 36 (Constantinople). 
f Labrus hiatula Bouuaterre, Encycl., Mdthod., 1788, 116 (after Willoughby). 
Holocentrus argeyitinus Bloch, Ichthyol., IV, 473, Taf. 235, f. 2, 1790 (according to Peters). 
Luij anus serranus Lac6pbde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IV, 205, 1803. 
Holocentrus jiavus Risso, Ichth., Nice, 293, 1810. 
Holocentrus serran Risso, 1. c. , 294. 
Perea channus Couch, “ Loud. Mag. Nat. Hist., V. 19, f. 6, 1832” (Cornwall). 
Serranus novemcinctus Kner, Novara, Fische, 17, f. 1 (“Capstadt” and St. Paul’s Island); Sauvage, 
Archiv. Zool. Exp6r., VIII, 1880, 7. 
Pseudoserranus bicolor “ Kossman & Raub, Ergebu. Reise Rothen Meere, 7, t. 1, f. 1” (Red Sea). 
ifafeifaL— Mediterranean Sea, Azores Islands, coasts of southern Europe and 
northern Africa. 
Etymology. — Cahrilla, Spanish diminutive of cabra (Latin caper, goat). 
This well known species is represented in our collection by specimens from 
Palermo, Italy. Its synonymy offers no special difficulty. 
It seems to us evident that the generic name Serranus must always remain with 
this species. Serranus is a latinization of the French name “ Serran,” and this species 
is mentioned as the “ Serran properly so called” by Cuvier, the author of the genus Ser- 
ranus. 
Genus XXIII.— PEONOTOGRAMMUS. 
Pronotogrammus Gill, Pioc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1863, 81 tmultifasciatus). 
Hemianthias Steindachner, Ichth. Beitrage, I, 4, 1874 (peruanus). 
Type. — Pronotogrammus multifaseiatus Gill. 
Etymology . — Ilpo, before ; vmTo<;, back; ppap/iy, line, in allusion to the upward curve 
of the lateral line. 
This genus, as understood by us, contains four American species, relatives of the 
type of Anthias, but differing in the naked top of head, crown, and maxillary. The 
comparative study of a large number of species will be necessary before these genera 
of Anthiince can be put on a firm foundation. The species treated in the present paper 
form but a small part of the whole group, and the foreign species we have had no op- 
portunity to study. 
Hemianthias, distinguished by the smaller scales and by the smaller canines, seems 
to us a section of Pronotogrammus rather than a distinct genus. 
ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OF PRONOTOGRAMMUS. 
a. Scales rather small, about 56 in the lateral line ; cauiues small ; head and body moderately com- 
pressed {Hemianthias Steindachner). 
b. Pectoral fin short. If in head; middle rays of caudal as long as head; body compressed, rather 
deep, deepest behind the head ; head compressed, almost as deep as long ; anterior profile 
nearly straight, moderately steep ; month moderate, very oblique, the lower jaw project- 
ing, its tip entering the profile; preorbital narrow, as broad as pupil, its edge roughened 
with mucous tubes; maxillary 2 in liead ; eye very large, 4J in adult; maxillary naked, very 
