EEVIEW OF THE SEERANIDiE. 
415 
This handsome fish is rather common in waters of moderate depth in southern 
Europe. The specimens before us were collected by Professor Doderlein at Palermo, 
in Sicily. 
The nominal species of Guichenot are based on slightly dilferiug proportions of 
parts of the head and body, characters too trivial to merit notice from naturalists. 
Genus XXV.— ODONTANTHIAS. 
Odontanthias Bleeker, Siir les Esp&.ces Indo-Archip. d’Odontanthias, etc., 1872, 1,* (horbonius). 
Type. — Anthias borbonius Gunther. 
Etymology. — edow?, tooth ; Anthias, a related genus. 
This genus' contains three East Indian species and the following from America. 
As compared with Anthias, it seems to differ in no important respect, except in the pre- 
sence of a band of small teeth on the tongue. 
Allied to Odontanthias is the genus Rolanthias Giinther {H. fronticinctus Gthr., 
from St. Helena). In this genus the caudal flu is rounded, and none of the fin-rays 
are produced. 
ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN SPECIES OF ODONTANTHIAS. 
a. Dorsal rays X, 15. 
b. Third dorsal spine higher than any succeeding ones; ventral fins scarcely elongate, shorter than 
head ; body oblong ; head obtuse ; profile almost straight, somewhat depressed in front of the 
eye ; eyes large, scarcely equal to the interorbital area, 3 in head; maxillary broad, with five 
or six rows of large scales, its length 2| in head; mouth very oblique, the lower jaw pro- 
jecting; snout 5 in head; preopercle finely serrate, with coarser teeth at the angle, which is 
salient; four canines in npper jaw, the outer turned forwards, the inner recurved; six other 
canines in the lower jaw, the middle two extending forward and outward; those on the sides 
recnrved; no lateral canines; an oval patch of minute teeth on the tongue; third dorsal spine 
one-third longer than the fourth ; ventrals shorter than pectorals. If in head ; pectorals equal 
to length of head ; caudal lunate, the lobes equal, scarcely exceeding the height of the head ; 
head above and both jaws closely scaled; five or six rows of large scales on cheeks; color 
“ golden red, little paler below, many lustrous green spots on the back ; fins all unspotted and 
more or less yellow ; upper part of head red.” Head, 3f in length ; depth, 3. D. X, 15 ; A. Ill, 
7. Scales 4-35-14 Martinicensis, 106. 
bb. [Third dorsal spine not longer than those following it, the spines being graduated; ventrals 
extremely elongate, their filiform tips reaching nearly to base of the caudal fin; body rather 
elevated and compressed ; the depth 2| in length ; head 3 ; head short, very obtuse ; eye large, 
longer than snout, about 3 in head ; head everywhere scaly ; mouth very oblique, the maxillary 
suddenly widening behind ; proorbital narrow, half as broad as the maxillary ; crown of head 
convex ; preopercle finely serrate, with coarser teeth at the angle ; tongue with an oval patch of 
teeth; jaws with anterior canines, and a lateral canine on the mandible ; scales large ; lateral 
line strongly arched ; caudal deeply forked, the lobes half length of body ; dorsal spines all 
graduated, the last more than twice diameter of eye ; soft dorsal and anal elevated, but without 
exserted ray; pectoral long, reaching soft portion of anal; color red, with parallel oblique 
and longitudinal golden streaks; head with two oblique bands. D. X, 15; A. Ill, 7. Scales, 
4-37-17. ] ( Giinther. ) Asperilinguis, 107. 
aa. [Dorsal rays X, 12 (teeth on tongue unknown), closely allied to Anthias anthias, but with rather 
stronger teeth on the preopercle, and the ventral fins longer. D. X, 12; A. Ill, 6.] {Ciiv. 
Val.) Tonsor, 108. 
* “ Les espbces d’ Awt/tias d, dents linguales, et a caudale fourchue pourraient done Stre r^unies 
comme apparteuant ^ un tyxie distinct sous le uom d’ Odontanthias. L' Anthias borbonius Gunther est de 
ce type et les rhodopeplns et chrysostictus y appartiennent aussi.” (Bleeker.) 
