REVIEW OF THE SERRANID2E, 
425 
a. Vomerine teeth forming a simple subcrescentic transverse band -shaped); without backward 
prolongation on the median line; back not arched; mouth large, oblique, the maxillary 
reaching to below front of pupil, 2^ in head ; eye l|iu snout, 5 to 6 in head ; sjjines on preo- 
percle strong, gradually increasing to angle, three or four below angle larger, directed down- 
ward and forward ; gill-rakers x -1- 14, long and slender ; longest dorsal spine 2 in head ; 
second anal spine 5 to 6 ; color olivaceous, the sides silvery, with narrow silvery streaks 
along the rows of scales ; a large dusky shade on upjier posterior margin of opercle ; young 
with numerous round dusky spots. Head 3f in length ; D. IX-I, 12 or 13 ; A. Ill, 11 ; 
Lat. 1. 66 to 74 Labrax, 118. 
aa. Vomerine band of teeth with a backward prolongation on median line ; back and sides with 
round black spots, which do not disappear with age. 
b. [Vomerine band of teeth -shaped, with a very short backward prolongation on the median 
line; back and sides covered with small black spots; scales large. D. IX-I, 13; A. Ill, 
11 or 12. Scales 57.] (GUnther.) Orientalis, 119. 
66. [Vomerine band of teeth in a nail-shaped ‘^-patch, the backward prolongation on the 
median line being very long; eye about 5 in head ; snout sharply pointed; preopercle as in 
D. labrax; longest dorsal spine 2 in head; pectoral nearly 2; color olivaceous, with very 
distinct, round black spots, somewhat diffuse on their edges, more or less regularly arranged, 
and not disappearing with age. Head 3^ in total length ; depth about the same, D. IX-I, 
13 or 14 ; A. Ill, 12. Scales 10-60-15.] (iSteirndao/mer.) Punctatus, 120. 
118. DICBNTRARCHUS LABRAX. 
(Sea Bass of Europe; Bass ;’ Robalo ; Vaila.) 
Perea radiis pinnae dorsalis secunda; 14, etc, Artedi, Genera Piscium, 41, 1734. 
Perea pinnis dorsalibm distinctis, etc., Gronow, “Act. Upsal., 1750, f. 39, t. 4.” 
Perea la6rar Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. Ed. X, 1758 290 Ed. 12,482 (after Gronow and Artedi) (and of the 
early authors). 
Scioena diaeaniha Bloch, III, tafel 302. 
Labrax diacanthus Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, 110. 
Centropo7>ius lup^is Lac^pbde Hist. Nat. Poiss., IV, 418, 1803. 
Labrax lupus Cuvier, Rbgue Animal, Ed. 2, 1829; Cuv. & Val., II, 56, pi. 11; Giinther, I, 64, and of 
Steiudachner, Day, and nearly all recent European writers. 
Perea elongata Geoffrey St. Hilaire, “ Descr. Egypte, Poiss., pi. 19, f., 1.” 
Labrax elongatus Cuv. & Val. II, , 77. 
Dicentrarchus elongatus Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, 111. 
Habitat . — Coasts of Europe, ascending rivers, ranging from the Mediterranean 
northward to Norway. 
Etymology. — AdjSpa^, the ancient name, from XdlSpot;, gluttonous, the species being 
called the sea-wolf, or lupus. 
The Bass of Europe is a very good food-fish, having habits very similar to those 
of our Striped Bass. It reaches a weight of ten or fifteen pounds. 
119. DICENTRARCHUS ORIENTALIS. 
Percapunctata Geoffrey St. Hilaire, Descr. Egypte, Poiss., pi. 20, f. 2 (Egypt) (not of Linnaeus), 
Labrax orientalis Gunther, Am. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1863, 174 (Alexandria). 
Habitat . — Shores of Egy[)t. 
Etym 0 logy. — Orientalis., Oriental. 
We have not seen this species and know it from Gunther’s description only. 
