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IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 
(Broadhead’s No. 78) 5 as the ‘ { Fragmental’ ’ of the table above given 
for Decatur county. 
Last spring (1912) Mr. F. C. Greene, in correspondence with refer- 
ence to priority of terms here in Iowa expressed the opinion that Broad- 
head’s No. 78 is not the ‘ ‘Fragmental ” of the Iowa section, but is the 
“Earlham. ” So important with reference to nomenclature did such a 
statement appear that in August, 1912, the writer accepted Mr. Greene’s 
invitation to meet him at Bethany and review the situation. First we 
visited the heavy limestone outcropping by the river side about half a 
mile above the falls, and then the shale and limestone found on the 
hillside a few rods further upstream. The entire relation suggests that 
this heavy limestone is the "W interset limestone, and the shale and 
limestone on the hillside just beyond, is a small portion of! the De Kalb 
limestone and associated shale (Cherryvale shale). From this place we 
walked over through the town to where the railroad crosses a small 
ravine tributary to Big Creek not far from the railroad station. Here 
the topmost limestone is clearly the De Kalb and not the Winterset, 
for beneath the thin beds of shale that underlie it is “Limestone, drab 
blue, two ledges, 9 and 3 inches thick” which with the associated shale 
rich in fossils is the most distinctive horizon in the entire succession 
of strata (the Cherryvale shales), a duplication of the denosits found 
near the brow of the hill in the southern edge of Winterset (close to 
the fork in the road southeast). There is no mistaking this horizon. 
A few rods below the railroad bridge at Bethany is an outcrop of the 
next ledge beneath, the Winterset limestone, characterized especially 
by a mass of very large Produetus prattenianus, Pinna (?), and other 
fossils near low water in the pool close by and corresponding to a 
similar but less perfect] y developed horizon seen in the Winterset lime- 
stone at Winterset a few rods east of the fork in the road previously 
mentioned. 
The shale which lies beneath this limestone just below the railroad 
bridge is not there exposed, the next strata visible being the limestone, 
fragmental in character, at the falls itself. The relation of this lime- 
stone to that described above is slightly obscured by the dip of the 
strata ; but as the general direction from one ledge to the next is approxi- 
mately the direction of the strike there is no chance for the presence 
of so heavy a bed of limestone as the Earlham between the limestone 
exposed below the railroad bridge and the limestone seen at the falls. 
6 Broadhead, Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Vol. II, p. 311, 1862. (In this report the 
Bethany Falls limestone is No. 766.) Missouri Geological Survey, Report on Iron 
Ore and Coal Fields, Pt. II, p. 76, etc. 1873. (In this report the Bethany Falls 
limestone is No. 78.) 
