70 
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 
1857 . Charles Girard, m. d. Notice upon New Genera and New Species of Marine and Fresh- 
water Fishes from western North America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., November, 1857, 
200-202. 
In this paper Dr. Girard mentions six species of snnfishes from the region em- 
braced within the scope of the present article, all of which he describes as new. It 
is not stated when or by whom these fishes were collected, but it is quite certain they 
form part of the collections of the various I ’aeific Eailroad and Mexican Boundary 
expeditions. Only one of the six is now regarded as a good species. 
Page. 
200 
200 
200 
200 
200 
201 
Nominal species. 
Identification. 
Locality. 
Calliurus melanops 
Calliurus diaphanus 
Calliurus microps 
Chaenobryttus gulosus.. 
Lepomis cyaneflus 
do 
Fresh waters of Texas. 
Rio Blanco, Texas. 
Do. 
From Texas. 
Rio Blanco, Texas. 
Rio Medina. 
Calliurus vnuTi/n/us 
do 
Bryttus albwlus 
Bryttus signifer 
Lepomis albulus. 
Lepomis cyanellus 
1858 . Charles Girard. Eeports upon the Fishes collected hy the various Pacific Eailroad Explora- 
tions and Surveys. Yol. vi, Partiv, No. 1, 9-34; Vol. x, Part iv, No. 4, 21-27; Vol. x, 
Part iv, 1-400; Yol. x, Part iv, No. 4, 83-91; and Yol. x, Part iv, No. 5, 47-59; numerous 
plates. 
Of the Pacific Railroad Reports, vol. x, part 4, contains the reports upon the col- 
lections made in Texas and the upper Rio Grande basin. The various exploring 
expeditions which were sent out by the United States Government in connection with 
the Pacific Railroad surveys and the United States and Mexican Boundary survey, 
gave to us our first knowledge of the ichthyology of the southwestern United States 
and of Mexico. Of the different parties engaged on these surveys, collections of fishes 
were made within the present limits of the State of Texas or within the hydrographic 
basin of the Rio Grande by the parties under Capt. John Pope and Lieut. A. W. 
Whipple. Capt. Pope’s party was engaged in the “ Exploration of a Route for a 
Pacific Railroad, near the thirty-second parallel, from the Red River to the Rio Grande.” 
The fishes, reptiles, and insects obtained on this expedition were collected chiefly by 
Dr. George O. Shumard and Lieut. L. H. Marshall. This party arrived at Dona Ana, 
on the Rio Grande, from Albuquerque, New Mexico, January 16, 1854, and on Feb 
ruary 12 started eastward toward Red River. They reached the mouth of Delaware 
Greek at the falls of the Pecos March 8, and reported the waters of the Pecos as 
being discolored and abounding in catfish of a very large size. Lieut. Marshall went 
up the Pecos about 40 miles to the mouth of the Sacramento River, which he states 
was about 50 feet wide and 6 feet deep. He found catfish and suckers of a large size, 
and says that trout are caught higher up the Sacramento. The next stream of impor- 
tance which is mentioned is the most eastern branch of the Colorado, which they crossed 
April 16. Here the “stream is deep; the water is beautifully clear and fresh, and 
there is an abundance of fish — trout, buffalo, catfish, sunfish, perch, and bass, of which 
we caught a great many.” 
On April 17 they came upon a stream of running water, a tributary of the Brazos, 
which contained “an abundance of trout, bass, sunfish, and catfish,” some of which 
they caught. This must have been the stream called Double Mountain Fork on Capt. 
Pope’s map. On April 21 they caught fish in a pond still further east and camped 
that night upon the Brazos, in which they found “ catfish, sunfish, buffalo, trout, gar, 
etc., abundant.” The water was pure and clear, and the bottom firm. This stream, 
