ELO 
Del-form, narrow; berry dry, two- celled, 
two-valved ; seeds two, dotted, one placed 
o ver -the other. There is only one species, 
viz. E. nyctelea, cut-leaved ellisia, a native 
of Virginia. 
ELM. See Ulmus. The elm is very 
serviceable in places where it may lie conti- 
nually dry, or wet in extremes. Accord- 
ingly, it is proper for water-works, mills, the 
ladles and soles of the wheel-pipes, pumps, 
aqueducts, pales, and ship-planks beneath 
the water-lines. It is also of use for wheel- 
wrights, handles for single saws, axle-trees, 
and the like. The clearness of the grain 
makes it also fit for all kinds of carved 
works, and most ornaments relating to ar- 
chitecture. 
ELOCUTION, in rhetoric, the adapting 
words and sentences to the things or senti- 
ments to be expressed. It consists of ele- 
gance, composition, and dignity. The first, 
comprehending the purity and perspicuity 
of a language, is the foundation of elocu- 
tion. The second ranges the words in pro- 
per order ; and the last adds the ornaments 
of tropes and figures to give strength and 
dignity to the whole. 
ELOGY, a praise or panegyric be- 
stowed on any person or thing, in consi- 
deration of its merit. The beauty of elo- 
gy consists in an expressive brevity. Elogi- 
urns should not have so much as one epithet 
properly so called, nor two words synoni- 
mous. They should strictly adhere to 
truth ; for extravagant and improbable 
elogies rather lessen the character of the 
person or thing they would extol. 
ELONGATION, in astronomy, the di- 
gression or recess' of a planet from the sun, 
with respect to an eye placed on our earth. 
The term is chiefly used in speaking of Ve- 
nus and Mercury, the arch of a great circle 
intercepted between either of these planets 
and the Sun, being called the elongation of 
that planet from the Sun. 
Bur here it is to be observed, that it is 
only a circle which has the sun for its cen- 
tre; that the greatest elongation is in a line 
touching the planet’s orbit. For in an 
elliptic orbit it may be, that the elongation 
from the sun may grow still greater, even 
after it has left the place where the line 
joining the earth and planet touches the or- 
bit. For after that, the true distance of 
the planet from the Sun may increase, 
whilst the distance of the Sun and planet 
from the Earth does not increase, but ra- 
ther decrease. But, because the orbits of 
the planets are nearly circular, such small 
EMA 
differences may be neglected in astronomy. 
The greatest elongation of Venus is found 
by observation to be about forty-eight de- 
grees, and the greatest elongation of Mer- 
cury about twenty-eight degrees, upon 
which account this planet is rarely to be 
seen with the naked eye. 
Elongation, angle of . is an angle con- 
tained under lines drawn from the centre of 
the sun and planet to the centre of the 
earth. 
ELOPEMENT, is, when a married 
woman of her own accord departs from her 
husband, and dwells with an adulterer ; for 
which, without voluntary reconciliation to 
the husband, she shall lose her dower by 
the statute of Westminster, 2. c. 34. Ex- 
cept that her husband willingly, and with- 
out coercion of the church, reconcile her, 
and suffer her to dwell with him, in which 
case, she shall be restored to her action. 
13 Ed. I. st. 1, c. 34. By eloping in this 
manner, or living in adultery apart from 
the husband, he is discharged of her fu- 
ture debts, and no longer liable to support 
her. 
ELOQUENCE, the art of speaking well, 
so as to affect and persuade. Cicero de- 
fines it, the art of speaking with copious- 
ness and embellishment. Eloquence and 
rhetoric differ from each other, as the the- 
ory from the practice ; rhetoric being the 
art which describes the rules of eloquence, 
and eloquence that art which uses them to 
advantage. See Rhetoric. 
ELQPS, in natural history, a genus of 
fishes of the order Abdominales. Gene- 
ric character : head smooth, edges of the 
jaws and palate rough, with teeth ; gill mem- 
brane with thirty rays, and armed on the 
outside in the middle with five teeth. The 
saury elops, the only species, bears a consi- 
derable resemblance to a salmon, from 
which it differs principally in wanting the 
fleshy back fin. It inhabits the shores 
of Carolina and the West Indies; in Ja- 
maica it passes by the name of the sun-fish. 
It is in general about fourteen inches long. 
ELYMUS, in boiany, lymegrass, a ge- 
nus of the Triandria Digynia class and 
order. Natural order of Gramina, or 
Grasses. Essential character : calyx late- 
ral, two-valved, aggregate, many-flowered. 
There are eleven species. 
EMARGINATED, among botanists, an 
appellation given to such leaves as have a 
little indenting on their summits : when this 
indenting is terminated on each side by ob- 
tuse points, they are said to be obtusely 
B 2 
