EXE 
in any of the courts at Westminster, under 
the seal of each court ; which exemplifica- 
tions may he given in evidence to a jury. 
It is held that nothing but matter of record 
ought to be exemplified. 
EXERCISE, among physicians, such an 
agitation of the body as produces salutary 
effects in the animal economy. Exercise 
may be said to be either active or passive. 
The active is walking, hunting, dancing, 
playing at bowls and the like ; as also speak- 
ing, and other labour of the body and mind ; 
the passive is riding in a coach, on horse- 
back, or in any other manner. Exercise 
may be continued to a beginning of weari- 
ness, and ought to be used before dinner, 
in a pure light air ; for which reason, jour- 
nies and going into the country contribute 
greatly to preserve and re-establish health. 
Exercise, in military affairs, is the 
ranging a body of soldiers in form of battle, 
and making them perform the several mo- 
tions and military evolutions with different 
management of their arms, in order to make 
them expert therein. 
Exercise is the first part of the military 
art, and from it the greatest advantage may 
lie expected, in the expertness with which 
men become capable of loading and firing, 
and their learning and attention to act in 
conformity with those around them. It is 
not from numbers, or from inconsiderate 
valour, that victory can rationally be hoped 
for. In battle the triumph is usually de- 
rived from a knowledge of arms, and a 
strict attention to discipline. 
Exercise of the infantry, includes the 
use of the firelock and practice of the 
manoeuvres for regiments of foot, according 
to regulations used by authority. The beauty 
of all exercise and marching consists in 
seeing a soldier carry his arms well, keep 
his firelock steady, and the whole body 
without constraint. Every motion should 
be performed with life, and with the greatest 
regard to exactness, and in order to these, 
a regiment should never be under arms 
longer than two hours at a time. 
Exercise of the cavalry, is of two sorts, 
viz. on horseback and on foot. The officers 
commanding squadrons must be careful to 
form with great celerity, and preserve just 
order and distances. The men must keep 
a steady seat upon their horses, and have 
their stirrups of a fit length. 
Exercise of the artillery, is the method 
of teaching the regiments of artillery the 
use and practice of all the various machines 
of war, viz. Exercise of the light field- 
EXti 
pieces teaches the men to load, ram, and 
sponge the guns well ; to elevate them ac- 
cording to the distance, by the quadrant, 
and screw ; to judge of distances and ele- 
vations without the quadrant ; how to use 
the port-fire, match, and tubes for quick 
firing ; how to fix the drag-ropes, and use 
them in advancing; retreating, and wheeling 
with the field-pieces ; how to fix and unfix 
the trail of the carriage on the limbers, and 
how to fix and unfix the boxes for grape- 
shot on the carriages of each piece. 
Exercise of the garrison and battering ar- 
tillery, is to teach the men how to load, 
ram, and sponge ; how to handle the hand- 
spikes in elevating and depressing the metal 
to given distances, and for ricochet ; how to 
adjust the coins, and work the gun to its 
proper place ; and how to point and fire 
with exactness, &c. 
Exercise for the mortar, is of two dif- 
ferent sorts, viz. with powder and shells un- 
loaded, and with powder and shells loaded • 
each of which is to teach the men their du- 
ty, and to make them handy in using the im- 
plements for loading, pointing, traversing, 
and firing, &c. 
Exercise of the hotoitzer, differs but 
little from the mortar, except that it is 
liable to various elevations ; whereas that 
of the mortar is fixed to an angle of 45° ; but 
the men should be taught the method of ri- 
cochet-firing, and how to practice with 
grape-shot ; each method requiring a parti- 
cular degree of elevation. 
ExERcisES are also understood of what 
young gentlemen or cadets learn in the mi- 
litary academies and riding-schOols ; such 
as fencing, dancing, riding, the manual ex- 
ercise, &c. The late establishment at High 
Wycomb is calculated to render young of- 
ficers perfectly competent to all the duties 
of military service, provided they have been 
previously instructed in the first rudiments. 
Officers are there taught and exercised in 
the higher branches of tactics and man- 
oeuvres. 
EXERGUM, among antiquarians, a little 
space around or without the figures of a me- 
dal, left for the inscription, cypher, device, 
date, &c. 
EXHALATION, a general term for all 
the effluvia or steams raised from the surface 
of the earth in form of vapour. Some dis- 
tinguish exhalations from vapours, expres- 
sing by the former all steams emitted from 
solid bodies, and by the latter the steams 
raised from water and other fluids. 
EXHAUSTED receiver, a glass, or othev 
