GAM 
then a 6 + 6, a 5 A-J-15, a4 ^ 4" 20, a 5 A 5 -f- 
15, a 2 A 4 4- 6, a 6 s -j- A 6 , the chances for him 
wanting two are l-f-6-|-15-|-20-{-l5 
=' 57 ; but for him wanting 5, are 6 -f-l — 
7 , according to table 57 : 7 
Suppose the games wanting 4 and 6 then 
a? -j- 9, a 8 A -j- 36, a 7 A 2 -}- #4, a 6 A 3 -f- 126, 
a s ft 4 -)- 126, a 4 6 s -j- 84, a 3 A 6 -f 36, a 4 A 7 -f 9, 
a A s -j-A 9 ; therefore for him wanting 4 games 
1 + 9 + 36 + 84 + 126 126 = 382, 
and to him wanting 6 are 84 4" 3d 4 * 9 4 " 1 
= 130 : the odds are 382: 130 according to 
table. 
When the skill is not equal, or when the 
chances for winning is not equal : as, 
1. If A and B play together and A wants 
1 game of being up, and B wants 2 ; but 
the chances whereby B may win a game 
are double to the number of chances 
whereby A may win the same. Here the 
number of games are 2. And a — 1 and 
6 = 2 v a 2 4- 2 « A 4- A 2 will give the pro- 
bability of each. A = 1 = 5 and 
B = 4 or the probabilities are A : B : : 
5 : 4. 
2. A wants 3 games of being up, B 7 ; 
the proportion of chances 3 to 5, what is 
the proportion of chances to win the set? 
here the number of games will be 9, a — 3 
A = 5 therefore raise a 4- A) 9 and the three 
last terms ~ by a 4- A 9 will express the 
chances of B, which subtracted from unity 
gives the chances of A : thus, 
ct 9 4" 9 ? *t 8 A 4- 36, u 7 A 4" 84, op A 5 4" 126, 
a h A 4 4- 126, a 4 b b 4- 84, a 3 A 6 -j- 36, a 2 A 7 -|- 
9, a A 8 4- A 9 . 
pl’4-27 X~5l 8 + 324 X 5l 7 
B= W “ 
3 7 X 25 + 27.5 .+ 324 _ 37812500 
~ 134217728' 
GAMMONIN G, among seamen, denotes 
several turns of rope taken round the 
bowsprit, and reeved through holes in 
knees of the head, for the greater security 
of the bowsprit. 
GAMMUT, Gam, Gamma, or Gamma- 
ut, in music, a scale whereon we learn to 
sound the musical notes, ut, re, mi, fa, sol, 
la, in their several orders and dispositions. 
' GANG, in sea affairs, a select number of 
a ship’s crew appointed on any particular 
service, and commanded by an officer suit- 
able to the occasion. 
Gang board is a plank with several steps 
nailed to it, for the convenience of walking 
into, or out of a boat upon the shore', where 
the water is not deep enough to float the 
boat close to the landing place. 
GAO 
Gang way, a narrow platform, or range 
of planks, laid horizontally along the upper 
part of a ship’s side, from the quarter-deck 
to the forecastle, and is peculiar to ships 
that are deep waisted, for the convenience 
of walking more expeditiously fore and aft 
than by descending into the waist : it is 
fenced on the outside by iron stanchions, 
and ropes or rails, and in vessels of war 
with a netting, in which part of the ham- 
mocks are stowed. In merchant-men it is 
frequently called the gang-board. The 
same term is applied to that part of a ship’s- 
side, both within and without, by which 
persons enter and depart; it is provided 
with steps nailed upon the ship’s-side, nearly 
as low as the surface of the water, and 
sometimes furnished with a railed accomo- 
dation ladder. 
GANTLOPE, in sea affairs, commonly 
pronounced gantlet, is a race which a cri- 
minal is sentenced to run in a vessel of war 
for felony, or some other heinous offence. 
The whole ship’s crew is disposed in two 
rows, standing face to face on both sides 
the deck, each person being furnished with 
a small twisted cord, having two or three 
knots in it ; the delinquent is then stripped 
naked above the waist, and obliged to pass 
forward between the two rows, a certain 
number of times, rarely exceeding three, 
during which, every person is enjoined to 
give him stripes as he runs along : this is 
called “ running the gantlet,” and is seldom 
inflicted but for crimes which excite gene- 
ral antipathy among the seamen. 
GAOL, gaols cannot now be erected by 
any less authority than an act of parliament. 
All prisons and gaols belong to the King, 
although a subject may have the custody, 
or keeping of them. The justices of the 
peace at their general quarter-sessions, or 
the major part of them, not less than seven, 
upon presentment made by the grand jury 
at the assizes, of the insufficiency, incon- 
veniency, or want of repair of the gaol, 
may contract for the building, repairing, 
or enlarging it, &c. or for erecting any new 
gaol within any distance not exceeding two 
miles from the scite, and in that case for 
selling the old gaol and its scite, the con- 
tractors giving security to- the clerk of the 
peace for the performance of the contract. 
24 George III. c. 54. The expejices to be 
paid out of, and in certain cases, money may 
be raised by mortgage upon the county- 
rate. 
As there are several persons confined in 
the county and city gaols, under sentence, 
