GAR 
walks and lawns, and keep your gravel 
clean; prepare good compost for your 
flowers. 
In the Nursery. Finish all transplanting ; 
prepare for new plantations ; manure well ; 
and shelter seedlings from wet and from 
frost. 
In the Green-house. Some few plants will 
want watering, and it will be proper to keep 
the night air entirely out. 
In the Hot-house. Make a moderate fire 
at night ; on sunny days you must open a 
sash or two, and should occasionally bestow 
a little water where wanted. 
DECEMBER. 
Kitchen-garden. Examine your cauli- 
flower plants ; you may sow beans, peas, 
&c. if the weather is open; keep your 
mushroom beds dry; make a forcing bed 
for early asparagus ; trench and open the 
vacant soil, giving a good allowance of ma- 
nure where wanted. 
In the Fruit-garden. See that your wall- 
trees are firm, and cover places that seem 
likely to canker, cutting away all useless 
wood, but preserving sufficient bearing 
wood ; prune fruit trees in general, and 
plant out if the weather admits. 
In the Flower-garden. Preserve all tender 
plants and seedlings very carefully ; trans- 
plant and plant as wanted. 
In the Nursery. Look to your new plan- 
tations ; trench, dig, and manure liberally ; 
propagate by layers and suckers of hardy 
trees and shrubs. 
In the Green-house. Keep your plants 
clean, and water occasionally. 
In the Hot-house. Water as wanted; keep 
up a due temperature ; you may commence 
for early cucumbers, kidney-beans, roses, 
pinks, &c. 
Garden snail. See Helix. 
GARIDELLA, in botany, so called in 
honour of Pierre Garidel, M. D. a genus 
of the Decandjia Trigynia class and order. 
Natural order of Multisilique. Ranuncu- 
laceae, Jussieu. Essential character : calyx 
five-leaved, like petals; nectary five, two- 
lipped, bifid ; capsule three, connected, 
containing many seeds. There is but one 
species, viz. G. nigellastrum, fennel-leaved 
garidella. 
GARLAND, in naval affairs, a sort of 
net extended by a wooden hoop, of suffi- 
cient size to admit a bowl or platter, and is 
used by sailors as a locker or cupboard, to 
contain their provisions, being hung up to 
GAR 
the beams within the birth, where they 
commonly mess between the decks. 
GARLIC, in botany, see Allium. This 
root has been subjected to chemical analy- 
sis ; when distilled, it yields first a liquid 
slightly coloured, and having an acrid taste ; 
then a thick brown oil, and abundance of 
inflammable air and carbonic acid. The 
liquid in the receiver emits the smell of 
ammonia when mixed with lime. It :s said 
to consist of 
Albumen, Fibrous matter, 
Mucilage, Water. 
GARNET, in mineralogy, is a species of 
the flint genus, of which there are two sub- 
species, viz. the precious, and common gar- 
net. The precious, or Oriental, garnet, is 
red, but of various shades; it occurs sel- 
dom massive, more often disseminated, and 
in original roundish grains and small pieces. 
It occurs most commonly crystallized, either 
as a dodecaedron, or as a double eight-sided 
pyramid. Its specific gravity is about 4.3, 
and it consists of 
Silica 35.75 
Alumina 27.25 
Oxide of Iron 36.0 
Marganese 0.25 
99.15 
Loss 0.75 
100 
Before the blow-pipe it melts into a black 
enamel. 
The common garnet is brown or green, 
is not so heavy as the precious, and is com- 
posed of 
Silica 26.46 
Alumina 22.70 
Lime 17.91 
Iron 16.25 
ho. 32 
Loss 16.68 
100 
It is more easily melted than the precious 
garnet. 
“ The garnet varies more than any other 
gem, both in the form of its crystals, and 
in its colour; some being of a deep red, 
some yellowish, or of a purple tint, and 
others brown, blackish, and quite opaque. 
They are generally of a spherical form, and 
never crystallize with less than twelve sides. 
The prevailing colour is a fine red, and the 
mean size that of a large pea, though they 
