GLOBE. 
8. “ To find the time when the sun rises 
or sets.” Find the sun’s place for the given 
day ; bring it to the meridian, and set the 
hour-hand to xn; then turn the globe till 
the sun’s place touches the east part of the 
horizon, the index will shew the hour of its 
rising ; after that, turn the globe to the 
west part of the horizon, and the index will 
shew the time of its setting for the given 
day. 
9. “ To find the length of any given day 
or night.” This is easily known by taking 
the number of hours between the rising and 
setting of the sun for the length of the day ; 
and the residue, to twenty-four, for the 
length of the night. 
10; “ To find the hour of the day, having 
the sun’s altitude given.” Bring the sun’s 
place to the meridian, and set the hour- 
hand to xn ; then turn the globe in such a 
manner, that the sun’s place may move 
along by the quadrant of altitude (fixed in 
the zenith) till it touches the degree of the 
given altitude, where stop it, and the index 
will shew on the horary circle the hour re- 
quired. 
11. “ To find the place of the moon, ot 
any planet, for any given day.” Take 
White’s ephemeris, and against the, given 
day of the month you will find the degree 
and minute of the sign which the moon or 
planet possesses at noon, Under the title of 
geocentric motions. The degree thus found 
being marked in the ecliptic on the globe 
by a small mark, or otherwise, you may 
then proceed to find the declination, right 
ascension, latitude, longitude, altitude, azi- 
muth, rising, southing, setting, &c. in the 
same manner as has been shewn for the sun. 
12. “ To explain the phenomena of the 
harvest-moon.” In order to this we need 
only consider, that when the sun is in the 
beginning of Aries, the full moon on that 
day must be in the beginning of Libra ; and 
since when the sun sets, or moon rises, on 
that day, those equinoctial points will be in 
the horizon, and the ecliptic will then be 
least of all inclined thereto, the part or arch 
which the moon describes in one day, viz. 
13°, will take up about an hour and a quar- 
ter ascending above the horizon ; and, there- 
fore, so long will be the time after sun-set, 
the next night, before the moon will rise. 
But at the opposite time of the year, when 
the situ is in the autumnal, and the full 
moon in the vernal equinox, the ecliptic 
will, when the sun is setting, have the great- 
est inclination to the horizon; and there- 
fore, 13° will in this case soon ascend, viz. 
in about a quarter of an hour ; ahd it) long 
after sun-set will the moon rise the next 
day after the full : whence, at this time of 
the year, there is much more moon-light 
than in the spring ; and hence this autum- 
nal full moon came to be called the harvest- 
moon, the hunter's or shepherd’s moon : all 
which may be clearly shewn on the globe. 
13. “ To represent the face of the starry 
firmament for any given hour of the night.” 
Rectify the globe, and turn it about, till 
the index points to the given hour; then 
will all the upper hemisphere of the globe 
represent the visible half of the heavens, 
and all the stars on the globe will be in 
such situations as exactly correspond to 
those in the heavens ; which may therefore 
be easily found, as will be shewn in the six- 
teenth problem. 
14. “ To find the hour when any known 
star will rise, or come upon the meridian.” 
Rectify the globe, and set the index to xn ; 
then turn the globe till the star conies to 
the horizon or meridian, and the index will 
shew the hour required. 
13. “ To find at what time of the year 
any given star will be on the meridian at 
xii at night.” Bring the star to the meri- 
dian, and observe what degree of the eclip- 
tic is on the north meridian under the hori- 
zon ; then find in the calendar on the hori- 
zon the day of the year against that degree, 
and it will be the day required. 
16. ‘‘ To find any particular star.” First 
find its altitude in the heavens by a quad- 
rant, and the point of the compass it bears 
on ; then, the globe being rectified, and 
the index turned to the given hour, if the 
quadrant of altitude be fixed on the zenith, 
and laid towards the point of the compass 
on which the star was observed, the star re- 
quired will be found at the same degree of 
altitude on the said quadrant, as it was by 
observation in the heavens. 
The invention of globes is of great anti- 
quity. Some allusions to the celestial 
globe may be found as early as Hipparchus’s 
time, in the writings of Pliny and Ptole- 
my. Strabo makes mention of the terres- 
trial globe ; and a contemporary of his, 
Propertius, refers directly to depicted 
worlds; and Claudius, who describes Ar- 
chimedes’ glass sphere, evinces great know- 
ledge of the constructions of an orrery, 
spheres, &c. that then existed among ma- 
thematicians. ' 
Among the improvers and makers of 
globes may be subsequently ranked the fol- 
lowing, as chief : Tycho Brahe, Regiomou- 
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