HO V 
' During the day time, in the summer sea- 
son, the fires may frequently be allowed to 
go out ; but so soon as the evening chill is 
felt, the glasses ought to be closed, and the 
flues to be heated. As, however, some 
plants require more air than others, we 
offer to the consideration of our horticultural 
readers, whether a perpendicular glazed 
frame, dividing the hot house longitudinally 
into two distinct parts, the front one to be 
kept partially opened, and the back one 
completely closed, would not be an improve- 
ment in the construction of this species of 
buildings. This might be so contrived as 
more effectually to guard against the sudden 
access of cold air, and serve as an auxiliary 
to the precaution already suggested, of hav- 
ing the entrance guarded by means of an 
anti-chamber. The manner of attending 
to the plants in hot-houses will be seen un- 
der the head of Gardening, where we 
have endeavoured to furnish a complete, 
but concise essay and calendar, and in 
which every matter of utility, of ornament, 
and of luxury, has been allowed its due 
notice. 
HOTTONIA, in botany, water-violet, so 
named in honour of Peter Hotton, professor 
of botany at Leyden, a genus of the Pen- 
tandria Monogynia class and order. Natu- 
ral order of Palm®. Lysimachi®, Jussieu. 
Essential character : corolla salver shaped ; 
stamina placed on the tube of the corolla ; 
capsule one-celled. There are four spe- 
cies. 
HOVENIA, in botany, so named in ho- 
nour of M. Hoven, a genus of the Pentan- 
dria Monogynia class and order. Natural 
order of Dumosas. Rhamni, Jussieu. Es- 
sential character : petals five, convoluted ; 
stigma trifid ; capsule three celled, tliree- 
valved. There is but one species, viz. H. 
dulcis, a native of Japan, near Nagasaki. 
HOVERING, in law, ships of fifty 
tons, laden with customable or prohibited 
goods, hovering on the coasts of this king- 
dom, within the limits of any port (and not 
proceeding from foreign parts) may be en- 
tered by officers of the customs, who are to 
take an account of the lading, and to demand 
and take a security from the master, by his 
bond to his Majesty, in such sum of money 
as shall be treble the value of such foreign 
goods then on board ; that such ship shall 
proceed, as soon as wind and weather, 
and the condition of the ship will permit, on 
her voyage to foreign parts, and shall land 
the goods in some foreign port ; the master 
refusing -to enter into such bond or de- 
VOL. Ill, 
ttou 
mand, or who having given bond, shall not 
proceed on such voyage (unless otherwise 
suffered to make a longer stay by the col- 
lector, or other principal officer of such 
port where the vessel shall be, not ex- 
ceeding twenty days) ; in either of the said 
cases, all the foreign goods on board, may 
be taken out by the customhouse officers, 
by direction of the collector, and properly 
secured ; and if they are customable, the 
duties shall be paid, and if prohibited, they 
shall be forfeited. The officers of the cus- 
tom may prosecute the same, as also the 
ship, if liable to condemnation, 3 Geo. III. 
c. 21. Commanders of men of war, and 
customhouse officers, may compel ships of 
fifty tons, or under, hovering within two 
leagues of shore, to come into port. 
6 Geo. I. c. 21. If any ship or vessel shall 
be found at anchor, or hovering within 
eight leagues of the coast (except between 
the North Foreland and Beachy Head) 
unless by distress of weather, having on 
board foreign spirits, in any vessel or cask 
which shall not contain sixty gallons at 
least, or any wine in casks (provided such 
vessel have wine on board) shall not exceed 
sixty tons burthen, or six pounds weight of 
tea, or twenty pounds weight of coffee, or 
any goods whatever liable to forfeiture upon 
importation, that such goods with the ship 
and furniture) shall be forfeited ; spirits for 
the use of seamen, not exceeding two gal- 
lons per man, excepted. 42 Geo. III. c. 82. 
HOUND, a hunting dog, of which there 
are several sorts, as the grey-hound, gaze- 
hound, &c. See CANlSe 
Hounds, in naval language, a name given 
to those parts of a mast-head which gra- 
dually project on the right and left side be- 
yond the cylindrical or conical surface, 
which it preserves from the partners up- *■ 
wards. 
HOUR, hora, in chronology, an aliquot 
part of a natural day, usually a twenty- 
fourth, sometimes a twelfth. But the 
word hour has not always been of the same 
signification ; for in ancient times an hour 
did indefinitely express a short space of time. 
It is thought too that anciently the four- 
seasons of the year, wherein the sun finishes 
its annual course, had the name of hours, 
because Horus instituted a certain year, 
consisting of three months, and for this rea- 
son the ancients called spring, summer, 
autumn, and winter, hours, and the year 
itself horus : of which some footsteps ap- 
pear in this, that the Greeks called their 
annals Hori ; and the writers of them ho- 
K k 
