HYDROMETER. 
One of the principal uses of the hydro- 
meter in common life being to determine 
the specific gravity of vinous spirits on the 
mixtures of alcohol, which consist of water, 
an article of no value in a commercial 
light, and alcohol, which is of considerable 
price, it becomes of importance to deter- 
mine how much of each may be contained 
in any mixture. The following tables, ex- 
tracted from the large table of Gilpin in the 
“ Philosophical Transactions,” may be con- 
sidered as of the first authority. They were 
made with mixtures of .water and alcohol, 
of 0.825 at 60". The alcohol was obtained 
from malt. 
Real Specific Gravities of Spirits at different Temperatures. 
Heat. 
The pure 
spirit. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 5 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 10 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 15 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 20 
gr . of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 25 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 30 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 35 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 40 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 45 
gr. of 
water,- 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 50 
gr. of 
water. 
30° 
.83896 
.84995 
.85957 
.86825 
.87585 
.88282 
.88921 
.89511 
.90054 
.90558 
.91023 
$5 
83672 
84769 
85729 
86587 
87357 
88059 
88701 
89294 
89839 
90345 
90811 
40 
83445 
84539 
85507 
86361 
87134 
87838 
88-81 
89073 
89617 
90127 
90596 
45 
83214 
84310 
85277 
86131 
86905 
87613 
88255 
88849 
89396 
89909 
90380 
50 
82977 
84076 
85042 
85902 
86676 
87384 
88030 
88626 
89174 
89684 
90160 
55 
82736 
83834 
84802 
85664 
86441 
87150 
87796 
88393 
88945 
89458 
89933 
60 
82500 
83599 
84568 
85430 
86208 
86918 
87569 
88169 
88720 
89232 
89707 
65 
82262 
83362 
84334 
85193 
85976 
86686 
87337 
87938 
88490 
89006 
89479 
70 
82023 
83124 
84092 
84951 
85736 
86451 
87105 
87705 
88254 
88773 
89252 
75 
81780 
82878 
83851 
84710 
85496 
86212 
86864 
87466 
88018 
88538 
89018 
80 
81530 
82631 
83603 
84467 
85248 
85966 
86622 
87228 
87776 
88301 
88781 
85 
81291 
82396 
83371 
84243 
85036 
85757 
86411 
87021 
87590 
88120 
88605 
90 
81044 
82150 
83126 
84001 
84797 
85518 
86172 
86787 
87360 
87889 
88376 
95 
80794 
81900 
82877 
83753 
84550 
85272 
85928 
86542 
87114 
87654 
88146 
too 
80548 
81657 
82639 
83513 
84308 
85031 
85688 
86302 
86879 
87421 
87915 
different instrument, as it was graduated 
only from 0 to 50". 
Deg. Sp. Grav. 
Deg. Sp. Grav. 
18 = 1.150 
of) = 1.333 
20 = 1.167 
37 = 1.342 
26 = 1.216 
38 =: 1.350 
28 = 1.233 
39 = 1.358 
29 = 1.250 
40 = 1.367 
30 = 1.267 
41 = 1.383 
31 = 1.275 
42 = 1.400 
32 = 1.233 
43 = 1.416 
34 = 1.300 
45 = 1.435 
35 = 1.312 
Heat. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 55 
gr. of 
water. 
too 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 60 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 65 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 70 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 75 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 80 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
©f spi- 
rit to 85 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 90 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spi- 
rit to 95 
gr. of 
water. 
100 
grains 
of spirit 
to 100 
gr. of 
water. 
30° 
35 
40 
45 
50 
55 
60 
65 
70 
75 
80 
85 
90 
95 
100 
.91449 
91241 
91026 
90812 
90596 
90367 
90144 
89920 
89695 
89464 
89225 
89043 
88817 
88588 
88357 
.91847 
91640 
91428 
91211 
90997 
90768 
90549 
90328 
90104 
89872 
89639 
89460 
89230 
89003 
88769 
.92217 
92009 
91799 
91584 
91370 
91144 
90927 
90707 
90484 
90252 
90021 
89843 
89617 
89390 
89158 
.92563 
92355 
92151 
91937 
91723 
91502 
91287 
91066 
90847 
90617 
90385 
90209 
89988 
89763 
89536 
.92889 
92680 
92476 
92264 
92051 
91837 
91622 
91400 
91181 
90952 
90723 
90558 
90342 
90119 
89889 
.93191 
92986 
92783 
92670 
92358 
92145 
91933 
91715 
91493 
91270 
91046 
90882 
90668 
90443 
90215 
.93474 
93274 
93072 
92859 
92647 
92436 
92225 
92010 
91793 
91569 
91340 
91186 
90967 
90747 
90522 
.93741 
93541 
93341 
93131 
92919 
92707 
92499 
92283 
92069 
91849 
91622 
91465 
91248 
91029 
90805 
.93991 
93790 
93592 
93382 
93177 
92963 
92? 58 
92546 
92333 
92111 
91891 
91729 
91511 
91290 
91066 
.94222 
94025 
93827 
93621 
93419 1 
93208 
93002 1 
92794! 
92580 
92364 
92142 
91969 
91751 
91531 
91310 
