INH 
traces of the manner in which they are pro- 
duced. The process, by whicli their num- 
bers are sometimes increased, is no less 
astonishing than their first production. Se- 
veral of the genera often seem to divide 
spontaneously into two or more parts, 
which become new and distinct animals. 
The volvox, and some of the vorticellae, are 
remarkable for their continual rotatory mo- 
tion, supposed to be intended for the pur- 
pose of straining their food out of the wa- 
ter : while otlser species of the vorticella 
resemble fungi or corallines in miniature. 
INGOT, in the arts, is a small bar of 
metal made of a certain form and size, by 
casting it in hollowed iron or brass plates, 
called ingot moulds. The term is chiefly 
applied to the small bars of gold and silver, 
intended either for coining or exportation 
to foreign countries. 
INHALER, a machine used for steam- 
ing the lungs with the vapour of hot water, 
for the cure of a cough, cold, inflamed 
throat, &c. 
INHERITANCE, inlaw, is a perpetuity 
in lands or tenements to a man and his 
heirs ; and the word inheritance is not only 
intended where a man has lands or tene- 
ments by descent, but also every fee-sim- 
ple, or fee-tail, which a person has by 
purchase, may be said to be an inheritance, 
because his heirs may inherit it. Inheri- 
tances are corporeal or incorporeal. Cor- 
poreal inheritances relate to houses and 
lands, which may be touched or handled ; 
and incorporeal hereditaments are rights 
issuing out of, annexed to, or exercised 
with corporeal inheritances, as advowsons, 
tithes, annuities, offices, commons, fran- 
chises, privileges, and services. There are 
several rules of inheritances of lands, ac- 
cording to which estates are transmitted 
from ancestor to heir; viz. 1. That inheri- 
tances shall lineally descend to the issue of 
the person last actually seized, in infinitum , 
but shall never lineally ascend. 3. Where 
there are two or more males in equal de- 
gree, the eldest only shall inherit ; but the 
females altogether. 4. The lineal descen- 
dants, in infinitum, of any person deceased 
shall represent their ancestor; that is, shall 
stand in the same place as the person him- 
self would have done had he been living : 
thus the child, grand child, or great grand- 
child, (either male or female) of the eldest 
son succeeds before the younger son, and 
so in infinitum. 5. On failure of issue of 
the person last seized, the inheritance shall 
descend to the blood of the first purchaser. 
VOL. III. 
INK 
6. The collateral heir of the person last 
seized must be his next collateral kinsman 
of the whole blood. 7, In collateral inhe- 
ritances the male stocks shall be preferred 
to the female, unless where lands are de- 
scended from a female : thus the relations 
on the father’s side are admitted in infini- 
tum before those on the mother’s side are 
admitted at all, and the relations of the 
father’s father before those of the father's 
mother, and so on. 
INJECTION, in surgery, the forcibly 
throwing certain liquid medicines into the 
body, by means of a syringe, tube, clyster- 
pipe, or the like. 
Injection, anatomical, the filling the 
vessels with some coloured substance, in 
order to make their figures and ramifica- 
tions visible. 
INJUNCTION, in law, is a prohibitory 
writ, restraining a person from committing 
or doing a thing which appears to be against 
equity and conscience. An injunction is 
usually granted for the purpose of preserv- 
ing property in dispute pending a suit ; as 
to restrain the defendant from proceedings 
at the common law against the plaintiff, or 
from committing waste, or doing any injuri- 
ous act. Injunctions issue out of the courts 
of equity in several instances: the most 
usual injunction is to stay proceedings at 
law, as if one bring an action at law against 
another, and a bill be brought to be relieved 
either against a penalty or to stay proceed- 
ings at law, on some equitable circumstances, 
of which the party cannot have the benefit 
at law. In such case the plaintiff in equity 
may move for an injunction either upon an 
attachment, or praying a dedimus, or pray- 
ing a farther time to answer ; for it being 
suggested in the bill that the suit is against 
conscience, if the defendant be in contempt 
for not answering, or pray time to answer, 
it is contrary to conscience to proceed at 
law in the mean time, and therefore an in- 
junction is granted of course ; but this in- 
junction only stays execution touching the 
matter in question, and there is always a 
clause giving liberty to call for a plea to 
proceed to trial, and for want of it to ob- 
tain judgment; but execution is stayed till 
answer, or farther order. The methods of 
dissolving injunctions are various. 
INK, common writing. The preparation 
of common writing ink is a subject of great 
importance in technical chemistry. A good 
ink is of a proper consistence to flow freely 
from the pen, of a full deep black, so per- 
manent as to remain for a number of years 
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