Plate XXIII. 
Fig. !. VIREO GILm— -Warbling Vim. 
The Warbling Virdo is a common summer-resident throughout the state. Tn the neighborhood of 
Circleville, they arrive the third or fourth Aveek in April, and remain until the first of October, and 
sometimes even until the month is well advanced. Early in May the site is selected for the nest, and 
if the weather is favorable, as it generally is, nidification begins at once. As a rule, but one brood is 
reared during the season. If the nest is accidentally destroyed, or the eggs broken or carried away, a 
second nest is built and another set of eggs deposited, as is the habit Avith all birds Avith Avhich 1 am 
acquainted. If the second effort is interfered with, a third nest may be constructed, and, if it becomes 
necessary, perhaps even a fourth, so intent are they upon accomplishing their summer-mission. 
LOCALITY: 
In the country, the tree upon which the nest is placed is usually situated in a cultivated field, or 
beside a road in the near neighborhood of a dwelling. In towns, the favorite site is a shade-tree of a 
street or yard. The tree selected is usually a large one with dense foliage. The silver-poplar seems to 
be the favorite; next to it, the maple. In villages Avhere poplars are grown for shade, 1 have always 
found this Vireo more abundant than elsewhere in the neighborhood. Dense Avoods are not frequented 
during the summer ; it is even exceptional to find a nest about the border of a large woods. A few 
of these birds are, however, usually to be found breeding in every belt of large trees groAving along the 
bank of some Avater-course. 
POSITION: 
The nest, which is always pensile, is built in a small, stout, horizontal fork, formed either by the 
bifurcation of a branch, or by an offshoot from it. Sometimes it is supported by two parallel twigs, 
growing but a few inches apart, from the same stem. It may he near the extreme end of the limb, or 
close to the main trunk ; ordinarily, it is about midway between these two points. Its distance from the 
ground is usually between twenty and forty feet. Dr. J . M. Wheaton informs me that he has seen one 
nest at least seventy feet from the, ground. Probably it is sometimes much lower than twenty feet. 
MATERIALS : 
The foundation of a typical nest, built in the country at a distance from any dwelling, consists of 
long, flaxen fibres from the inner bark of trees and weeds, and slender blades of grass; these are wrapped 
over and around the supporting twigs, and interwoven among themselves, until a basket-like structure is 
formed of the proper proportions. In this is placed a layer, about half an inch thick at the bottom, 
becoming thinner as the rim is approached, of bits of fibres, grass, plant-down, and such other soft, vege- 
table material as can be procured, and suits the taste of the builder. The entire cavity is then lined 
Avith wiry grass, and sometimes liorse-hair, or both combined. The grass is that usually called roller- 
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