THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA. 
The nomenclature used is interesting; while in his subgenus Pluvialis he 
included : — 
virginicus 
Charadrius (Cat. Birds Brit. Mus.). 
morinellus 
Eudromias. 
fulvus 
Charadrius. 
pluvialis 
Charadrius. 
helveticus 
8quatarola. 
veredus 
Ochthodromus. 
australis 
Peltohyas. 
rufiventris 
Erythrogonys. 
totanirostris 
Oreophilus. 
modestus 
Zonibyx. 
sociabilis 
Pluvianellus. 
It is noteworthy that in this grouping the hind toe is ignored, but recent 
lumping has not taken this course. In my “Reference List” I lumped all the 
Plovers and Dotterels in Charadrius and recognised Squatarola, and in the recent 
Hand-List of British Birds the same course has been followed, Squatarola being 
preserved for S. squatarola while Charadrius is utilised for morinellus, asiaticus, 
hiaticula, d^ihius, alexandrinuSy vociferus, apricarius^ and doininicus. In the 
same place Ghettusia and Vanellus are both recognised, though the main 
difference between these two seems to consist in the crest of the latter. I 
consider that C. apricarius and doininicus are much nearer to 8. squatarola 
than they are to any of the species grouped with them in the above method. 
In the A.O.U. Checklist, 3rd. ed., 1910, the following system i& 
adopted : — 
E. morinellus. 
8. squatarola. 
C. apricarius and dominicus. 
O. vociferus. 
M. semipalmata. hiaticula, dubia, meloda, 
nivosa, and mongola. 
O. wilsonius. 
P. montanus. 
Eudromias 
8quatarola 
Charadrius 
Oxyechus 
JSgialitis 
Ochthodromus 
Podasocys 
Inasmuch as the acceptance of 8quatarola as distinct seems to have been 
questioned only by Seebohm, the discussion of the further groupings will 
be more in order later, under the respective forms admitted. 
