EASTERN AND SOUTHERN UNITED STATES. 
121 
riicir inner border may be said to correspond in a general way with a S. W.-N. E. 
line connecting Long Branch, on the Atlantic coast, with a point on the Delaware 
Biver, situated almost due west of the city of Salem, or opposite Delaware City in the 
State of Dclawai'e.* The surface embraced between the sea-border and this line 
comprises between one-third and one-half the area of the entire State, and presents 
in its physical features the characters of gravelly sands and clays. 
Eocene. — There can be no question but that the deposits of this period, forming 
part of the “ Upper Marl Bed,” so called, which appear along Deal Beach on the 
Atlantic coast, on Shark River, in isolated patches about Farmingdale, Sqnankum, and 
elsewhere, and in a more or less continuous belt from near New Egypt to Clementon, 
represent in part, if not in whole, approximately the lowest of the entire Eocene 
series occurring in the eastern United States. Their chronological equivalence with 
the oldest Tertiary beds occurring in some of the other States — as the Piscataway beds 
of Maryland, and the lower beds exposed on Bashia Creek, Clarke Co., Ala. — has not 
yet been definitely made out, but the evidence that has thus far been addneed is 
sufficiently strong in support of Conrad’s original surmise as to the existence of such 
equivalence (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences of Philadelphia, 1865, p. 71 ; Smithsonian 
Misc. Coll., 200, 1866, p. 1). The fossils occurring in the New Jersey strata are 
mainly in the form of casts, and their precise determination is consequently involved 
in a considerable amount of uncertainty. It appears sufficiently clear, however, that 
many, if not most, of the forms are such as have not yet been found in the other 
States, although they represent distinctly Eocene types, but which approximate very 
closely certain trans-Atlantic species. 
Tliose (invertebrate) specifically determined are, according to Conrad, the following; 
Naritihts {Ahiri(i) Vanvx^mi^ Conr. 
Nautilus {Cymoynia) Bartini, Nyst. 
Nautilus (^Cyrnomia) Lamarckii, Desh. 
? Bosfellaria {^ITippochrenes') columbaria, 
Desh. 
? Yoluia ( Volutilithes) mutata, Desh. 
Pleurotoma {Surcula) annosa, Conr. 
? Pyrula {Pyrificus) Smithii, Sow. 
Pleurotomaria perlata, Conr. 
Architectonica idonea, Conr. 
(Cook, Geology of New Jersey, 1868, pp. 
Misc. Coll., 1866.) - u, 
To the.se are sometimes, but erroneously, added Area quindecemradiata, Gabb, 
Crassatella Delawarensis, Gabb, and TerArahda glossa, Conr. 
It yfiYi thus be seen that the most distinctive Eocene forms found elsewhere, such 
as Ostrea sellce/ormis, Ostrea compressirosf ra (= 0. Bellovacina ?), Cwndlwa gygautea , 
* Geologic^ Map of Now Jersey, 1882. Prepared by the Geological Surv;^f the State, under the direction 
? Onustus {Phorus) extensus. Sow. 
Actceonema prisca, Conr. 
Thracia modesta. 
Caryalis Delawarensis, Gabb. 
Protocardia curia. Com. 
Crassatella littoraVs, Conr. 
Venericardia perantiqua, Conr. 
Yoldia protexta, Conr, 
Avicula annosa, Conr. 
731-2; Check List of Eocene Fossils, Smiths, 
