PAL^OSYOPS LEIDY, AND ITS ALLIES. 
303 
also showing some Rhinocerotic affinities. The shape of the lunar and unciform, 
with their facets, is very characteristic of this species. The division of the carpal 
elements equally by the inferior process of the lunar is not so strongly marked as in 
some other genus of the family, [Limnohyops.) 
Scaphoid. — The scaphoid is a very broad and exceedingly heavy bone. Its 
superior facet is plane, very large and not boi’dered by prominent processes as seen 
in tliat of the Rhinoceros. The inferior facets of the scaphoid are very oblique to 
each other. The scapho-magnum facet occupies all the superior face of the magnum. 
The scapho-trapezoid facet is very long from before backward, deeply excavated, 
and its anterior portion rises upon the anterior face of the bone. There is a very 
small facet for the trapezium in this specimen. The beak of the scaphoid is not so 
widely prolonged ectally as in Rhinoceros, being in about the same progress of dis- 
placement as in Tapirus. 
Ltinar. — The form of the lunar is very characteristic in this species. It is 
remarkable for its massiveness and breadth as compared with that of Limnohyops. 
The posterior jorolongation of the lunar between the magnum and unciform is not 
as great as in the latter genus, but rather more so than in Titanothernim. Its 
transverse diameter along the superior surface is nearly equal to its vertical. From 
before backward the lunar in this species is deep and is not provided with a pos- 
terior hook-like process. The superior facet of the lunar is separated medially by 
a deep concavity dividing the face into an anterior and posterior portion ; the latter 
is high and convex and slopes abruptly backward as in Tapirus and Rhinoceros. 
The inferior facets of the lunar are unequal in size, the lunar unciform taking up 
about two-thirds of this face. This facet is deeply concave from before backward, 
and is separated from the lunar-cuneiform facet by a slight ridge. The lunar mag- 
num facet is very characteristic of this species, its plane of articulation, as it were, 
ha^’ing been rotated anteriorly, thus exposing it to view when looked at from the front. 
It is very oblique to the facet of the opposite side, and it ciu'ves upwaa’d and back- 
ward to become continuous with the lunar-scaphoid facet. In form and general 
relations the lunar in this species approaches more closely to that of Titanotherium 
than to the lunars of other forms studied by the author. The lunar of P. 
paludosus is easily distinguished from that of Hyrachyus, in which its form is very 
hio-h and narrow with the lunar magnum facet placed widely to the outside and 
nearly vertical. , 
Cuneiform. — The cuneiform is quadrangular in form, being very broad and 
low. Its shape differs very much from the cuneiform of Tapirus and Hyrachyus 
where this bone is high, narrow and slopes abruptly away from its radial angle. 
Owing to its form the cuneiform in P. paludosus offers a very long superior facet for 
the ulna. This facet is very extensive transversely and shallow from before back- 
ward. The cuneiform-pisiform facet is placed high up and posteriorly, the pisi- 
form not appearing upon the anterior aspect of the carpus. In Tapirus the cunei- 
form-pisiform articulation is seen conspicuously upon viewing the carpus from the 
