20 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
takes place only through wounds, or, 
possibly, through the lenticels. Wounds 
are, unfortunately, only too frequent, 
especially in the case of a tender, rap- 
idly-growing young tree like the chest- 
nut, which has the additional misfor- 
tune of attracting lumbermen and nut 
gatherers. If it escapes winter injuries 
to its trunk, the spring storms are sure 
to break the smaller branches and 
abrade the surface of the larger limbs; 
if it is not disfigured by the green fly 
and twig-bore during the summer, it 
is sure to be mutilated by savage 
hordes of small boys in autumn. Even 
the ubiquitous squirrel may spread the 
disease with tooth and claw while cut- 
ting off ripe burs and racing up and 
down the trqnks; while every bird and 
insect that rests upon an infected spot 
is liable to carry the spores upon its 
feet or body to scores of other trees. 
The treatment of a disease of this 
nature must, of course, be entirely pre- 
ventive. When once allowed to enter 
it cannot be reached by poisons ap- 
plied externally, nor can the spores, 
which issue continuously and abundant- 
ly through eruptions of the bark, be 
rendered innocuous by any coating ap- 
plied at intervals. On the other hand 
no poisonous wash, even though cov- 
ering every part of the tree, can pre- 
vent the germination of the dissemi- 
nating spores when they fall into a 
wound, since the wound opens fresh 
tissues unprotected by the poison. 
The spraying of young trees with 
copper sulphate solution, or strong 
Bordeaux mixture, in the spring before 
the buds open might be of advantage 
in killing the spores that have found 
lodgment among the branches during 
the winter, but the real efficacy of this 
treatment is so doubtful that it could 
not be recommended for large trees, 
where the practical difficulties and ex- 
pense of applying it are much in- 
creased. Nursery trees should be 
pruned of all affected branches as soon 
as .they are discovered, and the wounds 
carefully dressed with tar or paint or 
other suitable substance. Vigilance and 
care should largely control the disease 
among young trees. With the older 
trees all dead all infected wood should 
be cut out and burned, and all wounds 
covered without delay. Particular at- 
tention should be paid to water, soil, 
and other conditions of culture affect- 
ing the vitality of the tree, since any- 
thing that impairs its health renders 
it less able to resist fungous attack. 
TWO STRIKING EFFECTS IN AVENUES OF TREES 
Poplar Lane, Rochester, N. Y. 
Unique and striking effects in tree 
planting are seldom seen to better ad- 
vantage than in the two examples il- 
lustrated here, both of which are fa- 
mous in their respective localities. 
The remarkable “Poplar Lane” at 
Rochester, N. Y., was planted by 
Bishop McQuaid, founder of Holy 
Sepulchre Cemetery. Bishop McQuaid 
conceived the idea on one of his Euro- 
pean trips where he saw an avenue of 
similar design. On his return he 
planted this one in Rochester. 
It is about three-quarters of a mile 
long, extending from his house to the 
Holy Sepulchre Cemetery, so that he 
can look down the long vista which is 
much more beautiful than a camera 
will record. It consists of poplars 
planted about ten feet apart in the 
row, and they are about 50 or 60 feet 
high. Inasmuch as poplars do not leaf 
to the ground, a row of evergreens 
are planted between them so that it 
makes an impenetrable wall. The soil 
is very sandy, so the roadbed is always 
soft and sufficiently moist to not be 
dusty, and no noise is made in going 
through it. The rows are probably 
18 feet apart, and when the branches 
are in leaf, they come close enough to- 
gether so that only one team can go 
through. Overhead the branches spread 
so that they are close together, mak- 
ing a beautiful canopy. 
Palm Avenue, Los Angeles, Cal. 
Many of the cities and larger towns 
of California are noted not only for 
their beautiful parks and public 
grounds, but magnificent avenues and 
driveways. In this respect Los An- 
geles is unsurpassed. This beautiful 
city has many superb avenues, but 
none to be compared to “Palm Ave- 
nue,” a short glimpse of which is 
shown in the accompanying picture. 
This avenue is planted with Giant 
palm trees. Back from this stately row 
is a wilderness of tropical growths, 
among which are aloes, Century plants, 
Spanish bayonets, many varieties of 
palms, eucalyptus, pepper trees and 
other shrubs, plants and flowers. 
BISHOP McQUAID’S POPLAR LANE 
Rochester, N. Y. 
VIEW OF A SMALL PART OP THE “PALM AVENUE.” 
Los Angeles. Cal. 
