273 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
No. 4. BRICK WALL No. 6. THE CAVITY No. 7. ELEVEN CHIL- 
INSIDE CAVITY CLEANED OUT DREN IN THE CAVITY 
rods were driven in the ground and car- 
ried through the cavity to the top of the 
tree, and were fastened to cross bolts, 
which were put through the trunk. This 
keeps them in the center of the cavity 
forming a reinforcement of the concrete, 
which renders it almost indestructible. 
Fifty-three and a half tons of concrete, 
iron and bricks were used in this filling. 
The concrete was mixed in the following 
proportions : 
One part cement, two of sand and four 
of one-half-inch crushed blue stone. The 
cement used for the work was the Atlas 
Portland. The consistency was such that 
it could be poured in and would find its 
own level without tamping. In this way, 
we believe we have put in a positively 
air-tight filling, therefore, we believe that 
we have permanently arrested decay, and 
this tree now estimated to be over six 
hundred years old might live for another 
five hundred years, as it is rendered im- 
pregnable against the wind storms from 
which it stood in great danger of being 
blown down prior to the concrete filling. 
The tree is one of the most historic 
trees in the country. In 16.52 the first 
treaty between the Susquehannock In- 
dians and the Colonists was signed be- 
neath its branches. In 1791 Generals 
Washington and Lafayette visited St. 
John’s College. In 1824 a reception was 
given to General Lafayette beneath its 
branches. In 1864 the soldiers of the 
Civil War were encamped around it. It 
was then that a huge branch fell nearly 
causing the death of several soldiers. 
There was a poem written in 1812 by an 
ancestor of Mayor Claude dedicated to 
the Old Liberty Tree bidding it good- 
bye. He speaks of it crumbling away, 
which proves that there was a large cav- 
ity at that time, which led him to think 
that it could not last much longer. The 
falling of this branch in 1864 increased 
the size of the cavity tremendously. 
On Oct. 19th the Peggy Stewart 
Tea Party Chapter, Daughters of the 
/\merican Revolution, honored this tree 
by placing a tablet on the cement face. 
The inscription on this tablet is as fol- 
low^s ; 
“This tablet is placed upon the Liberty 
Tree by the Peggy Stewart Tea Party 
Chapter, Daughters of the American 
Revolution of Annapolis, Md., Oct. 19th, 
1907, to commemorate the first treaty 
made here with the Susquehannocks in 
1652, and that George Washington in 
1791 and General Lafayette in 1824 vis- 
ited St. John’s College. Through the 
munificence of Mi*. James T. Woodward, 
of New York City, this tree, estimated 
to 'be over six hundred years old, has 
been preserved from decay.” 
At the unveiling of this tablet there 
were many prominent speakers, among 
whom were Governor Warfield, of 
Maryland ; Mrs. Donald McLean, presi- 
dent general of the D. A. R. ; Mrs. W. 
S. Welsh, regent of the Peggy Stewart 
Chapter, D. A. R., who presented the 
tablet to St. John’s College. Dr. 
For a variety of purposes few of our 
native trees are more beautiful or more 
available than the box elder Acer Ne- 
gundo. Its habitat extends from New 
England to the Gulf of Mexico ; west- 
ward from the Rocky Mountains all 
along -the Missouri river, and southwest 
to the Panhandle of Texas. 
It is to be found in all arboretums, 
public and private grounds, and ar- 
Thomas Fell, president of St. John’.s 
College, delivered the address of ac- 
ceptance. Col. Tilgbman, secretary of 
state of Maryland, read an ode dedi- 
cated to the old tree, which was com- 
posed by Honorable J. Wirt Randall. 
Governor Warfield and President Fell 
eulogized Mr. James T. Woodward, of 
New York, for providing the funds to 
re.store this tree. I'dr Woodward i.s 
president of the Hanover National Bank 
of New York City, and has a beautiful 
home in Newport, R. I., also a hunting 
lodge with an estate covering upwards 
of four thousand acres at Collington, 
Prince George County, Md., on which 
he keeps a large number of thorough- 
i>red hunters and over one hundred fox 
hounds. Mr. AYoodward is a . iover of 
old trees.' We have just finished work 
on a fine avenue of Tulip trees on his 
estate in Maryland. These trees are 
all very old, not one of them under two 
himdred years. 
From this place, we went to Mount 
Vernon, the home of George Washing- 
ton, on the Potomac River, Fairfax 
County, Va. Here we are doing some 
great work on over one hundred of 
these historic trees, which are known 
to have been planted by George Wash- 
ington. In our work here we have to 
use a great many bolts to draw together 
the torn branches of the trees. 
I still find in use in some parts the 
injurious band, which girdles and kills 
the trees. We always remove these and 
replace them with bolts. I find in all 
towns and cities the tree is used as a 
guy for electric light, telegraph or tele- 
phone poles by placing wires around 
the trunk or branches. This method of 
using the tree is injurious, but the tree 
can be used as a guy for the poles 
without any injury whatsoever by means 
of placing an eye bolt through the tree 
with nuts and washers countersunk and 
covered with ■ cement so that the bark 
will grow over them. Wires attached 
to this eye bolt , have greater strength 
than the old-time method of wrapping 
them around the tree and are harmless 
to the tree. John T. Withers. 
ranged in all the ways that trees can be 
set out, and throughout the country this 
tree is popular. It is easily propagated 
and propagates itself from wind-blown 
seeds. Wherever the seeds find a lodg- 
ment, even in so-called barren, hot, 
cold, or localities subject to drought, it 
may be found growing from self-sown 
seed in patches or singly, and it would 
seem to be an excellent tree for shade 
TREES FOR THE SOUTHWEST 
