PAR K AND C EM ET ER Y. 
384 
works are as yet undeveloped and can- 
not therefore be considered as final ex- 
pressions of his methods. He was the 
landscape architect of the Jamestown 
Exposition, which did him no small 
credit, in spite of the fact that it was 
not very well carried out. He has also 
been the landscape architect for the 
improvements at Harrisburg, Pa., in 
which his abilities have shown to great 
advantage. Recently he has been en- 
gaged on a large land-developing scheme 
at Ishpeming, Mich. He has also been 
engaged on public and private works 
at Ithaca, N. Y., and many other places. 
The most famous work of O. C. Si- 
monds is in Graceland Cemetery, Chi- 
cago. This may be considered pecu- 
liarly Mr. Simonds’ work and very ac- 
curately representative of his ideas. 
The Olmsted Brothers have been en- 
.gaged on many large public and private 
enterprises in the last few years. The 
new park system of Seattle is one of 
the most ambitious, and the plans, 
which have been made public, indicate 
a far-reaching study. They have done 
work also on park systems of Hartford, 
Conn., Baltimore, Md., Detroit, Mich., 
and many other places. 
Charles A. Platt has been fortunate 
in some of his Italian gardens. One of 
the most famous of these is the Larz 
.\nderson garden of Brookline, Mass., 
which is doubtless also one of the best. 
George A. Kessler is best known from 
his work on the world’s fair ground at 
St. Louis. Harlan P. Kelsey has done 
some excellent work in civic planning 
at Greenville and Columbia, S. C. 
MAKING WAR ON THE MOTH PESTS 
An energetic warfare is being waged 
against the moth pests in many cities, 
and the spread of this nuisance has 
made prompt action necessary to save 
the street and park trees. 
The recent progress in wholesale 
spraying against the gipsy moth has 
been most striking. E. P. Felt, State 
Entomologist of New York, says in a 
recent issue of the Country Gentleman 
that the capacity of the ordinary spray- 
ing outfit has been immensely increased 
by replacing the usual six horse-power 
gasoline engine, weighing some 1800 
pounds, by a ten horse-power engine 
made especially for automobiles and 
weighing only 400 pounds. Further- 
more, a heavier and more powerful 
pump has been employed, the whole 
weighing no more than the usual spray- 
ing outfit. The machinery is mounted 
on a stout wagon, with a 400-gallon 
tank. A heavy inch and a half hose, 
some 400 to 800 feet long, with a 
smooth j4-in. nozzle, is used for work 
in the woodlands. A pressure of 200 
to 250 pounds is maintained. 
The hose is handled much as though 
a fire were in progress. Ten men, at 
intervals of six or eight feet, carry the 
end of the hose, the nozzle being in 
charge of a superior, with instructions 
to keep it moving all the time. The 
pressure is sufficient to throw the in- 
secticide 40 to 50 feet, and the resist- 
ance of the air breaks it into a fine 
spray. The foliage is well covered if 
the nozzle is handled intelligently. This 
giant outfit usually requires four 
horses, and is capable of spraying 14 to 
16 acres a day, much depending upon 
conditions. The cost of treatment, in 
this manner is reduced to about $10.20 
per acre where the woodland is fairly 
clear of underbrush. An interesting 
modification of this apparatus has been 
employed for spraying strips along the 
roadside. It consists simply of a giant 
extension nozzle mounted on a univer- 
sal joint so that the tip may be elevated 
40 or 50 feet from the ground. This 
last named apparatus, with a favorable 
wind, can cover a strip 400 feet wide. 
The white-marked Tussock moths 
have made their appearance in the Chi- 
cago and Milwaukee parks. In this re- 
gion the young begin to hatch about 
the last of May and proceed to feed on 
the lower epidermis of the leaves, ulti- 
mately attacking all but the principal 
veins. In the initial stage this cater- 
pillar has a coral red head, with a pair 
of waving black plumes. Four delicate 
yellow, or white, brush-like tufts pro- 
trude in a line down his back and the 
prospect is closed by two small, red 
elevations. The rest of his body is of 
yellow, streaked with coral gray. 
In Rochester, N. Y., and certain other 
eastern cities the pest has been thinned 
by offering prizes to school children for 
the largest number of eggs collected 
during the winter season, but the usual 
method employed is to spray with arse- 
nate of lead. 
City Forester Filer, of Buffalo, has 
been spraying the trees in that city vig- 
orously and has been authorized to hire 
75 men to clean the trees of cocoons. 
Mr. Filer will also offer ten cents a 
quart to children who gather the tus- 
sock moth clusters and l)ring them to 
him. 
Smoke and insects killed 400 trees in 
Forest Park the past year, according to 
the annual report of Park Commis- 
sioner Scanlan of St. Louis. He strt^ng- 
ly urges a special appropriation of $5,000 
for feeding and nourishing the remain- 
ing trees without further delay. The 
primary cases are smoke from the 
manufactories and tttssock moths. 
According to data gathered by the 
police department of Louisville, Ky., 
about 650 dead trees are standing on 
sidewalks. Statistics on dead trees 
were collected by the police depart- 
ment in response to a request from the 
park commission and the commission 
will notify property owners to cut them 
down. 
FINE EUROPEAN HOLLY 
The accompanying photograph shows 
a very fine specimen of the Ijeautiful 
European Holly, Ilex aquifolia. The 
specimen shown in the photograph is 
but one of a large number planted in 
the park at Chester, England, and it is, 
in fact, the most perfect specimen of 
this species I have ever seen. Very sym- 
metrical, e.xactly conical and growing 
to a height of from 25 to 30 feet, these 
trees form a collection which no trav- 
FINB SPECIMEN OF El'ROPE.A.N 
HOLEY IN AN ENGLISH PARK. 
eler should miss seeing if he be in- 
terested in any phases of horticulture. 
I have seen individual specimens which 
were larger than these at Cliester, l)ut 
as a group showing into what tlic ideal 
care and treatment can make this s]ic- 
cies develop, 1 dare say tliese two are 
not equaled anywhere in tlie world. .Vs 
a tree to give strong axial lines in 
heavy formal gtirden work or to empha- 
size foCc'il points it m:iy be strongl\' rec- 
ommended. 
.\. I). T.wi.or. 
