73 
the consistence of parchment) or hard 
and woody. In the latter case it is 
commonly called a stone, andthedrupe 
a stone fi’iiit. When the putanien con- 
sists of several distinct stones or nuts, 
each enclosing a seed, they are called 
pyrenes, or sometiines kernals. Tho 
fruit of the coco-nut, Gocor mtcifcniy is a 
drupe with a fibrous (when dry) exocarp. 
In Pandanns the drupes are crowded 
together and form a cone-like head. 
Duct, Duc'tus — A membranous tube, one 
of those which constitute the vascular 
texture; with or without markings on 
the surface, but not accompanied in a 
spirally coiled tibre, as tho Tracheaj. 
Duk — T he horsehair-like fibres of Sagucrm 
saockarifcv. 
Dl'l'cis— S weet, agreeable, as the peduncles 
of Sovenia dulcU. 
Dumeto'sus — Having the character or 
appearanc« of a bush. 
Dc'plex — Double, Double flowers are in 
most cases an accidental deformity or 
monster in which the ordinary number 
of petals is multiplied by the conver- 
sion of stamens, sepals, or even carpels 
into petids, by the division of ordinary 
petals, f)r simply by the addition of 
supernumerary. 
Dura'mex — The heart-wood or centre of 
Exogenous trees, and the outer part of 
the stem of Endogens. 
Dumu'seULUS — Somewhat bard, stiff, or 
rigid. 
Dtnamis — A liower. A figurative term 
employed by Linnmus to express the 
degrees of deveh'pineiit of stamens. 
Thus his “Didynauiia^signifiedstameiw 
of two different length.^, or of two 
different degrees of development 
Dys'extkuy — A di.seasa causing a discharge 
of mucus and blood from the bowels. 
In America cotton-secd tea is given as 
a remedy. 
DtsophylTI’s — Leaves* fetid. Dysox'ylon 
— The wood having ta bad smell. 
Dyspep'sia — Difficulty of digestion. Paw- 
paw juice is considered .a remedy. 
Dys'cTxY — A difliculty of voiding the urine. 
E, Ex, in compounds, denotes absence, as 
Ebractkate, Eglandular, Exalbu- 
MIXOBS. 
Ebori'nus, EBUR^*KC6— White like ivory ; 
white, tinged with yellow, and with a 
tendency to a wavy lustre. 
Ebractea'tub — V/ithunt bracts. 
Ecbbas'tesis — The production of buds 
within flowers, or on inflorescences, in 
consequence of monstrous development, 
Echina'tus — Set with prickles, bristly. 
Applied to siirfacea which are covered 
with bristle®, or w-ith straight jirickles. 
(See Commo'^onia. cchinata.) 
Echinula'tus — When rough with small 
bristles, prickles, or krbercles. (See 
the fruit of Coimacrsonia eckinata, 
called “Dim” by the Maroochie natives, 
and from the bark of which they make 
their fishing-nets.) 
Eddoes — The tuberous stems of various 
Araceous plants. (See Colocasia anti’ 
quo?'inii. “Tara.”) 
Edging — T nis term is applied to dwarf 
plant.s, turf, or material of any descrip- 
tion used in gardens for dividing beds, 
borders, &c., from the walks, 
E'dulis — Edible. For instance, Cnnna 
eduUs wa« so called because in Peru 
the rootstock was used as we use 
potatoes. 
Epfp'su.s, Expansus — W idely spreading. 
{Seo Panicum e^usum-, a very common 
Queensland grass. ) 
Elmo — I n Greek comiDounds, signifies 
“Olive.” 
Ela'te.H— Spiral fibres in the spore-cases of 
Hepaticre. 
EtA'TrB — Tall, as the She-pine, Podocarpus 
data. 
Ellip'tioal, Ellip'tious — ApproRching 
the form of an ellipse. It may be con- 
sidered as an oval rounded at the ends, 
or a.s an oblong widened in its smaller 
diameter. The leaves of La'jeTStnemia 
indtca are often elliptic. 
Elon'gated, Elongatus— W ho-ii any part 
of an organ is in any way remarkable 
for its length in comparison with its 
breadth. 
EmjVHOID— F laccid, wilted. 
Emar'ginate, Emarginatus — - Slightly 
notched at the Bummit. 
Embolus — A plug ; a process which pro- 
jects downwarrls from tlie upper part 
of the cavity of the ovary in Armeria, 
and closes up the foramen of the 
ovule. 
Em'bhyo — The rudiment of a plant con- 
tained in the s^eed. It consists of the 
Kadicle or base of the future root, one 
or move Cotyledons or future seed- 
leaves, and the Plumule or future bud 
wthin the base of the Cotylsdorm. In 
some seeds, es])ocially wlicro there is 
no albumen, tlieso several parts are 
very conR[ucuous ; in others they are 
very difficult to distinguish until the 
seed begins to germin-ate. 
Emet'ic — I nducing to vomit, as the seeds 
of the Physic-nut, Jatropha curcas, 
EMfc'R'sufs — Where the upper extremities of 
a plant, or leaf, rise above the water, 
the rest continuing submerged. 
Emmen'agogue — Any medicine that pro- 
moter menstruation. The common Rue 
was at one lime highly extolled as au 
emmenagogue. 
EMOL'Lt.ENT — Softening, as many plants of 
the Mallow family. 
Emphysematose — B laddery, resembling a 
hbvdder. 
E?.iUJ/ri 0 XH — Medicines made of bruised 
oily seeds and water. 
Encys'ted — E nclosed in a cyst or bladder. 
Endeco'gvnous, Endeca'gtnus — Possess- 
ing 11 pistils. Endecasidrous, Ende- 
CANDitUH— Possessing 11 stamens. 
Endem'ic, ENDE:n'icu5j~When the geo- 
graphical range of any species, or 
natural group, is confined within the 
limit of a particular region. 
