75 
Erio'phokus — Bearing wool, or covered 
with woolly or downy pubescence. 
Erose'— ( 4nawed. Erodkd — H aving the 
margin irregularly toothed as if bitton 
by an animal. 
Ee'RHIVE — P romoting a discharge of mucus 
from the nostrils. 
Erum'pent — A pplies to certain fungi whose 
fructification bursts through the tex- 
ture of leaves, &c. (8ee the Ked Rust = 
Pocci )t la .stramini^.) 
Escharotio — H aving the power to burn 
the skin. 
Es'culent, Kpculentus — Good for food. 
Example : Jllbisctfs cscuhntus, the 
Ochro or Goniho. 
Esu^riale — Appeasing hunger, as the 
fruits of Solanum esuriafe, by the 
natives. 
Et^e'rio, Eta'uuum— a fruit composed of 
several distinct one-seeded pericarps 
(akeuia and caryopses oi different 
anthers, or drnpellfu), arranged uxjon 
an elevated roccj^tiicle or torus, which 
may be either dry or fleshy. For 
examples see Pa'fiU7}cuJui< (Buttercup), 
P'rar/oria. (Strawberry), and Pubns 
(Biackbeny or Hasjiberry). 
Etiola'ted, Etiola'tcs— T he effect of 
blanching the leaves, and lengthening 
of the stem when a plant is suffered to 
grow in the dark or in a much obscured 
situation. 
Ev.\nes'cbnt, Evanes'ckxs — Vanishing ; 
applies to veins which do not reach the 
margin. 
Ex, in composition, signifies without; as 
exalbumirious seeds, us the common 
garden Bean and Pea, which contain 
an embryo only. 
Exanthemata — S kin diseases, blotches of 
leaves, &c. 
Exaspera'tus— R ough. (See cap of 
Lanthim exaspf^ratuii. ) 
Excip'clum— K..ce]>tacie of a Lichen. 
Excur'rent, Excurkenb — P rotruding be- 
yond the usual limits. 
Exhala'tion, Exmai.a'tis— a vital func- 
tion by which the stomata are made to 
discharge a Ja^-ge ijortiuti (atiout two- 
third.^) of the water introduced by 
absorption through the sijongioles. 
Exi'<iUUS — Vuiy ijuny jind lutifu!. (Seethe 
smali orchid, BulbophyUaHi- extfjuum.) 
Ex'ogens, Exo'gen.t: -Used synonymously 
with “ Dicotyl.-drins,” because tlie 
stem of such pljuits have au exogenous 
-structure, whicli CiUisisis of (1) pith, 
(2) medullary sheath, (3) wood, dura- 
men, and a'burnum, (4) medullary 
rays, (5) bark. 
Exorhi'zal, Exohhizi;s — The peculiar 
modein which the radicle of dicol.ylf3dnns 
is developed iu gu-rmiuafcion ; elongating 
at once fr<tm tli^ vatlicuiar extremity i>f 
tlie embryo, and not bursting through 
an outer cuat, as in !nr'noc<ityIcdons. 
Exosmose', E.xosmo'sis -The eifect opjiosed 
to Eiidosmo^e, referring to the current 
which pas'cs from within outwards. 
Exosporiuji, Exospoke— T he outer mem- 
brane of the coat of a spore. 
Exostome', Exos'tojia — T he perforation in 
the primine or testa which, together 
with the endostoine, coniidetes the 
foramen. 
Exosto'sis — A w'art-like cxcreecence, many 
of which arc develoijed on the roots of 
leguminous plants. 
Exothk'oium— T he outer coat of the 
anther. 
Exotic — Eoreigm, as Murraya exotica, 
ExscriiP'xus— ^Vhcre there exists a small 
depression, as though a piece had been 
cut out. As in tlio seed of Aitchui’n, 
Exskut'kd, Exskrtus— W hen one part 
protrudes beyond another hy which it 
is surromided. 
Extra-axilla'rih— W hen a bud, instead of 
being placed in the o.xil of the leaf, is 
developed above or on one side of it, 
Extkoh.sk', Kxtuou'sus— W hen the slit 
through which the pollen e.-3capes from 
the anther ie towards the outside of 
the flower, and not, as is more usual, 
tow'ards the j^Util. 
Eye— A tonn used in gardening for a leaf- 
bud ; also for tlie centre or the central 
niarkiug.s of a flower. 
Faba — A bean. Faback.e — Synonym for 
“ Legutuinosje.” 
FA'CtES—Tlie general habit or .appearance 
assumed by each ]»articular species. 
Facti'tious, Facti'tlvs— Artificial. 
Factil'tative — Occasional, incidental. 
ACi ■ l't ATI V e Pa r a s ite — A n organ ism 
which can and munially does go 
thiaiugh tlie whole ermrso of its develop)- 
nient as a saja-ophyte, but which may 
also go through its development wholly 
or in i)art a parasite. 
Facul'tative Saprophyte— An organism 
which normally goes through tlie whole 
eourso of its development as a parasite, 
but which can at, (iertnin stages vegetate 
as a sa]>rophyto. 
F-E'cula — The farinaceous matter which 
forms starch, ite. 
FAI/pATK, T'AI.CAUIVS, rALCATOUirH, Fal- 
ciKpKMjs, F.-\i.(’atus— T liose arc terms 
which are applied to any part of a 
plant which rs a form somewhat like 
a buonu'.raiic^ t^r sickle, (tiee phyllodia 
of Ac.rria fafvafa.) 
Fal'lax — D eceilfoi, deroptive. Example : 
Clcrodendron faBox. 
Fak'u-Y, Famti.ia — A synonym for 
‘‘Order,” The term "Family” is 
more ire<pie.itly liiet with in the classi- 
fication of Cryi'togamic plmit.s. For 
instance, in the Order Fungi, v e find — 
Family L, 1 lymetiomyceti.’s ; Order I., 
Agai'icini : i’aiuily taking the first, and 
Ol der the secor.d rank. 
FAUC''n:iS--Stidfed ; used in contradistinc- 
tion to “hollow” j.r “tubular.” 
FARiNA'v:ErH, l'\\inNOsi-xS, Farinose — 
iMoaly. When the indumentum is 
composed i>f excessively short, intricate 
white liair'-', wiiicU readily come off, 
and are in appearance like meal or 
dust. 
