81 
in nature, althougli on this subject 
there is much diversity of opinion, 
some believing them to be frequent, 
others almost denying tlieir existence. 
Absolute ]>r<>of of the origin of a i^lant 
found wild is of course impossible; 
but it is i)rctty generally agreed that 
the following particulars must always 
co-exist in t he wild hybrid : — It par- 
takes of the characters of its two 
parents ; it is to be found isolated, 
or almost isolated, in places where 
the two parents are abundant ; if 
there are two or three, they will gene- 
rally be dissimilar from each other, 
one partaking more of one parent, 
another of the other ; it will never be 
found where one of the parents grows 
alone. 
Hy'drooooue — That which removes 
dropsy, ns the Hogvveed, Boerhaavia 
dijfusa. 
Hygkome'i'RIC, Hygjiomk'trkjus — E xpres- 
sive of the state or degree of hygros- 
copicity of a; plant. 
Hygroscopi'city — T he propf-rty of extend- 
ing or shrinking upmi the application 
or removal of water. (Sec the awns of 
the Ihuicb Spear-grass.) 
Htme'jjkum, H vmk'xiitm— So called from 
being ineml^ranous. x\ggregation of 
spiu'e-mother-cells, with or w'ithout 
sterile cells, in acwnTinuoua stratum or 
layer upon a spomphore. Same as 
sporagenons layer, hymeneal layer. 
Hypkrbouk'ak, UYPKiiUo'JtEUS— Far north ; 
signifying that the phint is indigenous 
in the northenHri 0 .st coi\ntries, within 
the Arctic circle. 
Hy'pha — A web. The filamentous, some- 
what fleshy, dobi'pioscent thallus of 
plants whicli form uiouldinoss. 
Htpnospokan'gium— S porangium enclosing 
hyjjnospores. 
Hyp'nosporis— S pores winch repose (sleep) 
some time before geninnating — “resting 
spores.” 
HyTo — I n compounds, signifies “under,” 
as hypogynous stamens, below tiie 
Ijistil. 
Htpoblas'tus — S ynonym for the fleshy 
cotyledon of the gi’asses. 
.HTPOCHt'LUS--The lower portion of the lip 
of Orchidem. 
Kypoceate'riformis (Salver-.shaj)ed) — Aj)- 
plied to a flower when the !i>wer part 
is cylindric and the upper portion 
expanded horizontally. In this case 
the name of the Lube is restricted to 
the cylindric part, and the horizontal 
portion is called tlje limb, whether it 
be divided to the base or not. The 
orifice of the tube is called the mouth 
or throat. (See flowers of the garden 
flower 
HypOGiE'es — 1‘lants which ripen their fruit 
unclergniund. Also, generally of any 
part that grows underground. (See 
the pods of A rachis hiipogaai the Earth- 
nut. ) 
F 
Hypo'gynous, Hypo'gynxjs, Hy'pogy'nicus 
(^.c., under the ovary)— Seated below 
the base of the ovary? but not attached 
to the calyx. Flowers are hypogynous 
when the petals and stamens or the 
disc that bears tyiouj aro entirely* free 
both from the calyx and ovary. The 
ovary is then d»-scribed as free ^ or 
syperhv^ the calyx {va free inferior, 
the petals as l)fiing iniftrUd on the 
rccept'icle, 
HYPOPnL.i5'ODAi. — Existing beneath the 
epidermis of bark. 
TfYPOi’HAi/i.US — The mycelium of certain 
l^^ungi. 
IIy poth k'ci t'ai— The substance ^ which im- 
mediat'-'Jy invests the jierithcciuni of 
Inchens. 
IlYSTKllAX'TKOr.S, HYSTERANTHE'US — 
Plants whiiso leaves expand after the 
flowers have oiiened. 
Ian'thtnus — S ynonym f‘:r “ Vio'.accus.” 
IcOvSAn'dhous, Icohan'deb, Xcosan'drus— 
Flovvevw having twenty' er more 
stamens, which avn partially nttached 
to the calyx conse- 
quently Ream to originate from it. 
IiyiO-ANOKO’sPOUoVrt— N'cuter iiidividuals, 
pnidticing aiidf' •'!i>ore.s (iu (Edogomurn). 
Ig'neus— F iery. Synonym for “ Flam- 
meua.” i'ript stsarlct. (bee the 
flowers of (:uj>h--V. pjnm.) ^ 
Ico.NES — Pictorial fpraseiifc.itionsqf plants. 
Xgn*ia'kius — Having the jjuff-like con- 
sistency of CJai'fiiiUi tinder, or from 
which this mateiiHl can be produced, as 
Eomcfi igntfO'iuti, a hu-vt! hard fungus 
found on forest trees. 
Illimtus — P esirieatod, anointed. Applied 
to fome 
IjrUKlt'BliJ — Ideal dlc'^c, without a beard. 
Isi'BHiCATiiB, 1 M inucA''ri<:i') — Laid one over 
.another, like tbe tiles on a roof. Imbri- 
cations, where many p iHs are regularly 
arranged, and one part partially over- 
laps ynntlier. (See the petals of a 
flower of Carncflut hnbrienta.) 
liiMAU'GiNATE- -.Applied to theapotheciain 
which the pr<»per margin is obliterated. 
Immer'sed, Im.mek'hos — G frovving entirely 
under water. Also wlicn one part or 
organ is c<nnp!etcly embedded in 
aimther. 
Immo'btlis— W here no ixarticular motion 
can take place about the point of attach- 
ment, as ulier<; anthers firmly adhere 
to tfjo fllanifiit. • 
iJi'PART-PdNNA'TCs—Uneqnaliy ]’innate. 
ImperfrC’'tc«, iMpKii'iEt t— W here certain 
parts iisnallv pivst^nt are not developed. 
Impeu'FORATE — K n'ire, witlnmt perforation. 
lai'Pi.KX, Impjjc'a'tps — Wraxiped. Syno- 
nym for “ PlicatuH.” 
ImpLEXT’S — J uitangled. Im FBEXO'-RA'MOSE 
— BrauchcH interwoven. 
Impre<;n’a'tion— S ynonym for “ Fertiliza- 
tion.” 
iMPRES'aUS — Marked with slight depres- 
siou.s. 
