67 
Cell-Contents — T he principal organised 
contents of cells are sap, sugar, dex- 
trine, starch or fccnla, chlorophyll, 
chromule, which see under their several 
headings; also wax, oils, camphor, and 
resinous matter are common in cells or 
in cavities in the tissue between the 
colls ; alst) various mineral substances, 
either in :iii amorphous state or as 
microscopic crystals, when they are 
called raphUic.s. One of tlie gigantic 
climbers "f the North 0»ieensIand 
scrubs r(',ci'ives the generic name of 
Jlhuphidophoro , from the large number 
of raphides contained in the cellular 
tissue. They are also far too abundant 
in the fruit of Moiu^tera ddldom. 
CEL'LULAK-Tiasur. — An aj?gregiition of 
miimte nu’ioliranous vessiclesof various 
sjdiagroidal or polygonal shapes, filled 
with fluid, and of which the main bnllc 
of ail vegiitahlos i-s composed, (See 
“jhin-nchyina,” “ Proienchyma,” and 
“ Vascular Tissue.”) 
CELh.ULOKK— The chemical substance of 
which the cell-wall is ctmipohcd. 
OELsih'siMA— Noble, euiinent, i\.?> Backing - 
k<xm ia cchin'iima. 
Ceno'biujt, Cenobionar, Cenobioneus— 
Such fruits as those of Lahiatic Bora- 
gitt-ca'^ &.C., which consists of several 
distinct lobes, not terminated by a style 
or stigma. 
Centiii'i’Ugal — A pplied to those forms of 
inflore-^cence udose terminal or central 
flowers expand fir.^t. The general 
infioicscence of Composite is often 
centrifugal. , 
Centki'I'K'J'a !.— When tlie lowest flowers 
open Hrst, and the main stem continues 
to ehrugate, developing fresh flowers. 
Tlie iidhu’escence within the head df 
Composite is always centripetal. 
Ceha'cei s, Cerf/l’s — W axy. 
Ceua'siko-uufes'cent— C herry- red. 
Ceka'tu'U— A hmg horn-like, one-cel’ed 
pericarp, svit’n tw'o valves, and con- 
taining many seeds attaclied to two 
I)lacenttB, which are alternate with the 
h»bes of the stigma. The Horn Voppy, 
Gl(iUGium.y is an examjde of the fruit. 
CereaTis— B elonging to corn, wheat, 
barley, oats, &c. 
Ce'binus — OF a wax colour, impure yellow, 
sligiitly tinged with red. 
Ckk'nuus, Cer'nuol's— H anging down the 
head, drooping, pendent, as the fruit- 
ing .spikes of LijcDfjudiiiiti cernuim. 
CERLSSATLS—Rftf emliling white lead. (See 
Agar ic a s eerassa tas. 
Cervi'nus — D ark tawny, or deep yellow 
with a little gn'y. 
Chaff, Balea, Bai.e.-e — T he inner bracts 
or scalt's iu Coinpositse and grasses, and 
some other plants, when of a thin yet 
stiff consistence, usually narrow, and 
of a pale colour. 
Chala'za (from the Greek)— The spot on 
the skin of the ovule looking like a 
hailstone. The scar is formed at the 
spot where the inner integument of the 
ovule (the secundine or tegmen) is 
united to the outer (the primine or 
testa) ; and through which a vascular 
ciiord (the ra)ihe) passes to nourish the 
nucleus, whicli is also attached by Its 
base to the same 
CltAMAS — Dwarf or a miuiature representa- 
tion or lemiiivler, as CliAMiEDHTS, 
dwarf oak; Cuam.kmouus, dwarf mul- 
berry. 
Charta'cf.ocs, Chartaceus paper) 
— Tiiin, livxiblc, and membranous, 
resembling [lapnr or })archment, an the 
pericarp f»f Piinpt^rne!. 
Ch i.OhiOPH V LL — Tile g-reeii colouring matter 
of loaves, and other green parts of 
plants. 
CHiOROFHYL'LOHf-:— Resembling the green 
matter of leaves. 
Chloro'.sis — A diseasejneident to fetnales, 
characteri>L;d by a pale or greenish line 
of the .skin, for which the common 
Horehound has be. ri ii.^ed as a remedy. 
Cuo'uiON— A carpel ; aho the pulpy matter 
which fills the interior of a young seed 
before imj)regnatiou. 
Chko'ml'LK — 6yn<)iiynious with “Chloro- 
phyll,” except timt the matter is not 
green. 
CliROOLEPOlD— Consisting of minute yellow 
scales. 
Chry'so —In compounds, pignifies golden 
yellow, as CiiRYSuj'HVLi.rs, golden-leaf. 
CinARir.s--Suitalde for food (c-i6it.s), as 
Clathrus ciOariu.i. 
CiCATKt-cuLA— A littlescar. CTcatuisa'tus 
— M arked by sears. 
Ci'CATRTX — A scar ; the impre.ssion left at 
the spot wliere an organ was articulated 
to Rome purl of a phmr, as the leaflets 
to the rhaciiis, the leaf to the stem. 
Ci'li.e— »S oijiewbat stifli-sli haii-s, wliich 
form a fringe on the margin of un 
organ. ^ Cjliaris, Cili.ytus- F urnished 
with cili», or eyelashed. (See Anthis- 
tiria citiafUy “Kangaroo-grass.” 
Cine'reous, Cinere'cs— ^V sh'Coloiir, the 
intermediate lint iKJbween pure white 
and black. Cincractus iiiiplies it to 
be a little ]»aler, and Cinerascem, very 
pale, bordering on white. 
Cin'gull.m— A girdle ; the neck of a plant. 
Cinnabarj'nls, Cinna'bauis— V ermilion, 
scarlet, slightly tinged with yellow. 
(See BolyUictHu ciniiabarmu^, one of 
the most frequent fungi met with on 
old logs.) 
CiNNAMO'JiEUs; — Of a bright brown colour, 
formed from reddish-orange and grey. 
CirTunatk— R olled inward from the sum- 
mit tow’ardd the base like a crozier, or 
the young fronds of many ferns. 
CiRCUMCiHED— Applied to an ai>othecium 
whicij is sej)araU-d from the thallua by 
a distinct ruua or chink. 
Ciu(JUMscib'j<ile — A name given to a form 
of valvular dehiscence wliich occurs by 
a traiuveise separation, as in the com- 
mon Binipemel, AnagaUia. 
CibTihus— S ynonym for “A tendril.” CtR 
HHiFKKOLs — Bearing tendrils or 
clampers. (See the termination of the 
leaf of the common garden Bea.) 
