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PLANTIjS'G. — D o not plant trees or shrubs deep. This is the cause 
ve3*y often of stunted <rrowLli, early r!ccay, a.nd even death itself. Deep 
planting is often done with the idea tliat the tree will stand more firmly. 
When removing, never allow the roots to he exposed longer than necessary, 
and vsee that as little injury as possible is done to them in the operation of 
removal, 
PEOPAGrATIOlM. — This temi, applied to plants, means any method by 
which they can be increased in nximber. To deal with this subject would 
necessitate the use of illustrations, so litfclo more than th ' enumeration of 
the names of the various modes employed for this object will bo ^iven. By 
seed may be termed the most tjatural, but a very large number of plants in 
cultivation are created by the art and ingenuity of men, and such cannot 
with safety be rcjxroducLHl by seed ; tliercl’ore, recourse is made to what is 
termed bxxdding, cuttings, grafting, layering, and leaf-prof agatxon, oilset, 
tubers, bulbs, corns, Ac. 
PEUNING, — Shrubs should alw^ays be done with a knife, and in such a 
manner as to leave them with a riatni*al appearance. Clean cutting is more 
agreeable to the eye, and less liurttul to the plant, as the woxind readily 
heals over. Dead branL-hes should be cut off as close as possible to the stem 
or parent branch, that the wound may soon be grown over. In shortening 
branches cut close to a bud. which sltoxild be on the outside of the branch 
of the tree or slinib, where such are alternate]}' ph'Ci-d, as in the Peardx. 
Jios(S — It has been found best to sparingly prune vlgorous-grovriug kinds, 
w'hilst tlie weaker-growing sorts should be exit back pretty close. 
EINGBAEEHSTG. — This is performed by removing aring of the bark, 
say 2 or 3 fi. from tito ground', in doing which cut well into the sapwood, 
and p>erform the opcrattoii only whexi the .^ap is well up in the trees. 
EOCKEEY. — Tiiore is no necessity for an explaixatiori of tlus term ; 
but a few' words as to construction may he given, in thi'i ai‘tifieial arrange- 
ment of stonework, consideraaon must ho paid to the class of plants it is 
intended to hold. The site cltoscn shoxild always he sheltered from winds. 
It should be as simple as possible, free from the drip of trees. The rock 
of which it is constructed sliould be of a porous character. The size of the 
interstices left for the reception of plants depends also upon the kinds it 
is intended to grow ; a ^andy peaty soil is best for filling up between the 
rocks, and some of tliese latter should be large onoxigb to afford shade to 
small sliade-loviiig jdanls. Every portion must be well drained, for, tliongli 
plants may revel in moisture overhead at certain seasons, they, with but 
very few exceptions, will not live with sJagnnut water at their roots. 
EOTATIOjN CKOPPING shctild be carried oxit as far as possible 
both in farm and garden. In changing ero}).-? it is best to avoid planting 
any to succeed others W’hicli are nearly allied. Tims it will be found 
advantageous for Cabbage, Turnips, &o., to follow Beans, Peas, Ouions, &c. 
Peas have been found to do wtfil wlien planted after Celerju An American 
writer says — First yi$av, Cabbage; second year, Onifux.s ; third year, 
Carrots, Beets, or Parsnips ; fourtli year, Potatoes or Turnips ; fifth, Celery, 
Spinach, or Lettxiec. iSo doubt this system coxxld bo advantageously 
applied to fruit-growing in lhe orchard, Ac., by allowing the land to he 
occupied by one kind of fruit but for a few' years, uhtm the trees shoxxld 
all be destroyed and as dissimilar as possible a kind planted in their place. 
The time allowed to each sort of fruit would vary according to kind. This 
mode w'ould be particularly advantageoxis wTiere the subsoil was sour or 
otherw iso had. 
SEED-SOWII^G. — The seedsmen are frequently blamed as selling 
their customers bad seed, when in all probability the fault is rather in the 
sowing. Seeds should never be covered with more soil than about their own 
thickness. Very minute kinds should not be covered at all, merely sown on 
