A, Pistil mostly apocarpous. Sta. usually hypo- 
gynous (cf. p. 19). 
Order 10. RANALES. 
Flow, spiral, hemicyclic or cyclic. Per. single or 
double. Sta. usually 00, b3rpogynous, rarely epi- 
gynous. Flow, generally actinomorphic, rarely + 
zygomorphic. Carp, i — 00, usually free. 
Family 33. NYMPH^ACF^. Aquatic herbs. 
Lea. floating, or emergent {Nelumbium)^ simple, 
sometimes peltate; margin involute in bud. Flow, 
large, solitary, spiral to cyclic, g , actinomorphic, 
(3-merous in Cabomba). Receptacle convex or 
hollow. Per. 6 — 00 , double, but sep. scarcely 
distinct from pet. which again sometimes merge 
gradually into the sta. Sta. 6 — oo- Carp. 3 — 00, 
superior to inferior, united, or embedded in the 
receptacle (Nelumbium), or free (Cabomba), each 
with I — 00, usually anatropous, ovules scattered 
over the whole inner surface. Fr. berry-like or dry. 
Seeds having both endosperm and perisperm (neither 
in Nelumbium), sometimes with an aril. 
Nuphar, Nymphcea, [Victoria, Nelumbium, 
Cabomba.'j 
Family 34. CERATOPHYLLACB^. Aquatic 
herbs. Lea. submerged, whorled, forked, homy. 
Flow, acyclic, solitary, axillary, monoecious. Per. 
h5rpog3mous, sepaloid; in per. about 12, sta. 
12 — 16 ; in 9 > 9 — 10, carp, i, with i orthotro- 
pous pendulous ovule. Fr. a nut. Seeds with 
scanty endosperm. Ceratophyllum. 
Family 35. RANUNCULACF.E. Herbs (except 
Clematis), often with acrid or poisonous juice. Lea. 
often much divided, spiral (opposite in Clematis), 
18 
