Class. CONIFERiE. 
Trees or shrubs. Secondary wood containing no 
vessels. Lea. usually narrow, needle-like or linear 
(in a few exotic genera lanceolate or ovate). Flow, 
i-sexual. Per. o. Ovules orthotropous (anatropous 
only in Podocarpus). Cotyledons 2 — 15. 
Family i. TAXACE^. Lea. (in Taxus) without 
resin-canals. Flow, dioecious. Microsporophylls oo- 
Ovule solitar}^ arising directly from the axis. Seed 
exserted and enveloped in a fleshy aril. 
Taxus, ^Podocarpus.'] 
Family 2. PINACE.®. Lea. always containing 
resin-canals. Flow, dioecious or monoecious. Micro- 
and mega-sporophylls 00, arranged in the form of 
cones (the 9 cone in Juniperus assumes the likeness 
of a berry). 
Pinus, Jmiiperus ^[Araucaria, Picea, Tsuga, Pseudo- 
tsuga, Abies, Larix, Cedrus, Sequoia, Cryptomeria, 
Taxodium, Thuja, Cupressus (inch Retinospora and 
Chamcecy Paris).] 
Sub-Division II. ANGIOSPERMS. 
Microsporophylls + linear or short, bearing the 
pollen-sacs typically on their margin. Ovules com- 
pletely enclosed in an ovary formed by the infolded 
megasporophyll ; thus a stigma is required to receive 
the pollen. Endosperm formed after fertilisation. 
MONOCOTYLEDONS, p. 3. DICOTYLEDONS, p. II. 
2 
