THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA. 
under-surface of quills and tail pale cinnamon-buff. Bill bluish -horn ; eyes light 
brown, bare space slate colour ; feet slate. Total length 625 mm. ; culmen 24, 
wing 393, tail 230, tarsus 76. Figured. CJolleoted on the Dawson River, 
Queensland, on the 1st July, 1909. 
Adult male. Similar to the adult female but smaller. 
Adult male. Orientalis form. Above dark brown with blackish shaft-streaks, some of the 
feathers with buff edges. Tail-feathers and primaries barred. Throat, a streak 
below the eye and middle of under-surface white, remainder of under-surface 
including the thighs brown. Under-surface of primaries whitish, under wing-coverts 
white with large brown tips. 
Immature. Agreeing in variation with adults. 
N estling. Covered with whitish down (Normanton) ; white down on beUy, darkish on the 
back (Port Augusta, South Australia) ; huffish down (East Murchison). 
I describe other birds, types of I. b. tasmanica (Tasmania), I. b. kempi (Cape York), 
I. b. centralia (Central Australia), and I. b. melvillensis (Melville Island) in the text 
hereafter. 
Nest. Sometimes a deserted nest of a Raven ; at others one built of sticks and lined with 
bark, placed in a fork in a high tree if available. Outside measurements 26 inches 
by 12 ; inside 8 inches by 4 ; or placed in the top of an ant hiU. 
Eggs. Clutch, two to four. Ground-colour buff with brownish -red blotches which vary in 
extent; sometimes these blotches form a zone at the larger end. The eggs vary 
considerably, some being almost covered, while others have only a few dots on them. 
Axis 53 to 67 mm. ; diameter 30 to 38. 
Breeding-season. June to November, or later. 
Vigors and Horsfield in the Trans. Linn. Soc. (Lend.), Vol. XV., p. 184, 1827, 
described Falco berigora as follows : “ F. rufo-brunneus, gula, coUo, nuchaque 
pallide aurantiacis, tectricibus remigib usque fusco-brunneis rufo-notatis, 
rectricibus cineraceo-brunneis rufo-fasciatis apice pallido. . . . /S variat gula 
colloque magis albidis quam aurantiacis, rectricumque fasciis minus latis 
quam in specimine typico. 
“The native name of this bird, which we have adopted as its specific 
name, is Berigora. It is called by the settlers Orange-speckled Hawk. Mr. Caley 
informs us that the orange marks in the plumage of this species are considerably 
stronger in recent specimens than in those of the Society’s collection, which 
are much faded. The specific characters of this bird accord very closely with 
those of Dr. Latham’s ‘ Cream-bellied Falcon,^ but that bird is described 
as having a double tooth to its bill, while ours is singly toothed, as in the 
genuine Falcons. 
Ijatham described the Cream-beUied Falcon in the Gen. Hist. Birds, Vol. I., 
p. 230, 1821, as foUows : “ Length 20 in. Bill lead-colour, the upper • mandible 
furnished with a double notch, the under short at the end and scooped out ; 
cere pale ; round the eye bare and bluish ; plumage in general, above brown, 
the inner second quills marked with a rufous spot on each side of the shaft, 
all the greater quills the same, about half way from the base ; tail as the 
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