TYTO. 
“ Page 44 : Genus CLXXV. Tyto Billberg, Syn. Faunce Scand. 1, tab, A 
(1828) replaces Strix (Auctorum, non Linne 1758). 
“In the Amer. 0. U. Checklist, 3rd ed., 1910, Aluco Fleming, 1822, is 
chosen to replace the name Strix now generally in use for the Barn Owls. 
That name, however, is preoccupied by Link, Besch. Naturl. Samml., p. 130 
(1807) for a genus of MoUuscs. The next name in order appears to be Tyto 
of Billberg, as given above. Billberg, in 1820, had previously proposed Tyta 
for a genus of Insects, so that some may consider the name Tyto preoccupied. 
In that case Hyhris Nitzsch {Syst. PteryL, p. 100, 1840) would have a claim.” 
The sequel appeared in the Austral Avian Record, Vol. I., p. 104, 
Sept. 18, 1912. “ In the Nov. Zool., Vol. XVII., p. 500, 1910, I recorded 
the fact that Aluco was invalidated for use in this connection. I accepted 
Tyto Billberg, 1828, noting that Tyta had been introduced by the same 
author eight years earlier, and indicated Hyhris, 1840, as being apparently 
next in chronological order should some authors desire to reject Tyto. A 
recent American author accepted the challenge and used Hyhris. This note 
is to record a better substitute for those who do not follow the International 
Code. Mr. C. Davies Sherborn, while engaged upon his invaluable work the 
Index Animalium, noted the introduction of the genus Flummea, and with 
his usual generosity brought it to my notice, and has allowed me this oppor- 
tunity of making it publicly known, for which my thanks are here tendered. 
In the Fauna de la Moselle by Fournel, published in 1836, the Owls are 
divided ; and on p. lOI the genus Flammea is diagnosed — ^the type, by 
monotypy, being Flammea vulgaris Fournel=>S^na: flammea AuGt.=Strix alha 
Scopoli, Consequently, those who would reject Tyto Billberg, 1828, may use 
Flammea Fournel, 1836, for the Barn Owls, this name having priority over 
Hyhris Nitzsch.” 
Hartert did not mention my work when he brought this forward. 
The following year the opportunity of criticising Billberg’s work, of which 
only one copy is known to exist in the British Islands, was given Iredale and 
myself, and a good account of it appears in the Austral Avian Record, Vb\. II., 
pp. 33-48, Oct. 23, 1913. I extract the following : 
“ Tyto for Strix Savigny is also accepted, as Savigny’s restriction of Strix 
wa,s unavailable owing to the fact that the species selected by Savigny was 
not one of the Linnean species of Strix. When the text of BiUberg’s book 
is consulted, we find that his work was most carefully done, as there (p. 116) 
he uses Strix flammea for the Short-eared Owl, and gives a long explana- 
tory note, proving that Linne based his Strix flammea on the Budbeck picture, 
which is undoubtedly that of this species. The Strix fammea of authorities, 
he shows to be unknown in Sweden. It is very unfortunate that Billberg’s 
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