FURTHER OBSERVATIONS 
136 
gardens, have conftantly come from the uppermoft: eye of (hoots 
of the above defcription. 
A. 
I have already obferved, that the fpurs, produced from prin- 
cipal (lioots, (hould invariably be pruned down to two, three, 
or four eyes, as occafion may require. And that when thefe 
extend too far from the principal (hoots, which they will do 
in time by their annual progrefs, it will be proper to cut them 
entirely away : But previous to this, it will always be necef- 
fary to make a referve of fredi (hoots to fupply their places. 
When (Irong old wood, that is, (hoots of four or five years 
growth, are to be cut away from any part of a Vine, the ope- 
ration (hould be performed with a (harp knife, and the (hoot 
(hould be cut off clofe to the bottom, that, when the part 
(kins over, it may become fmooth, and not left to grow ragged, 
as is but too generally pradlifed. 
By the common methods of pruningVines, the bole and large 
branches generally grow rough, ragged, and unfightly ; and 
when Vines have long been under an injudicious management 
of this fort, it is hardly poflible to reclaim them. But by due 
care, and difereet management afterwards, it will not be diffi- 
cult to keep the bole and large branches of Vines fmooth, and 
of an agreeable appearance. — I conftantly peel off as much of 
the bark as can be gotten without injuring the Vines, and then 
wafli the branches with (Irong foap fuds ; to be applied with a 
foft 
