THE MODERN CEMETERY. 
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of a cemetery could there be than a chastely de- 
signed Fountain? Capable of infinite variety of de- 
sign, and, moreover, wherein memorial statuary could 
be incorporated. It offers a scheme embodying 
the useful, ornamental, and “Memorial” ideas away 
ahead of the lot monument. 
Something that is, and will be more needed in 
our improved cemetery, is what might be termed, 
“Shelter Houses.” Here again architecture in its 
most refined form might be called upon to provide 
a fitting, enduring and most appropriate “memor- 
ial.” Shelter Houses in properly selected spots to 
harmonize and give life to the surroundings, would 
add to the beauty of the scene and provide that 
comfort and means of rest which are generally de- 
ficient in such places. 
Going to larger things there are many oppor- 
tunities for carrying out these views in Cemetery En- 
trances. Memorial gateways afford an excellent 
field for perpetuating the memory of the departed, 
and much or comparatively little might be expend- 
ed in such embellishments to our grounds. 
Another field, presenting plenty of scope is the 
Conservatory. Memorial Conservatories offer an 
interesting and quite appropriate opening for the 
consummation of these views. While the planting 
of annual and tender flowers in profusion is discour- 
aged, there is no more delightful recreation, no 
purer and brighter leading string to our higher sen- 
sibilities than a simple stroll through a well ordered 
conservatory — a pleasure that never tires, a refresh- 
ment always exhilarating. 
We are not forgetting in our few suggestions 
in the direction of useful memorials — the Trees. 
Those noble, speaking examples of nature’s most 
wondrous handiwork. Objects of admiration and 
affection through all the ages, and moreover, of cer- 
tain species, well nigh imperishable. As memor- 
ial objects they have spoken for themselves through 
all the past and continue to speak with no uncertain 
voice. 
Cemeteries from the Sanitary View=Point. 
Investigations of the Paris cemeteries, says the 
yoiir7ial of the American Medical Association, 
strengthen the arguments against intramural inter- 
ments and in favor of cremation for the disposal of 
the dead in the interests of the quick. Although 
M. Rochard asserts that the belief that bad smells 
emanate from cemeteries is unfounded and that 
there is an absence of noxious gases in well-kept 
cemeteries, there are other evils more insidious and 
more dangerous. Water filtered through the soil 
of cemeteries becomes polluted, and wells more 
than lOO meters from the graveyards of Mont 
Parnasse and Pere Lachaise were found to be con- 
taminated from this source. With regard to the 
theory of germs being stored up in graveyards and 
later spread about, resulting in epidemics, M. Roch- 
ard believes that it is not impossible that when 
graves are dug microbes rise to the surface and mix 
with the surrounding atmosphere; but no fact has 
yet been demonstrated that this possibility has been 
recognized. It might be added that the well-known 
longevity of grave-diggers and their general immun- 
ity from the zymotic diseases is a disproof of the 
theory. 
Fungicides. 
One of the most valuable discoveries in modern 
gardening is the fact that there are appliances that 
will destroy fungus vegetation without any injury to 
vegetation of higher organization. Until compar- 
atively recent times, sulphurous acid was the only 
dependence of the cultivator; but this had only a 
local and limited application. The farmer then 
discovered that when grain was steeped in copperas 
water, there was no injury to the seed, and the 
wheat which followed was wholly free from smut. 
It was easy to travel from this point to the Bor- 
deaux mixture, and other solutions of copper, and 
the general application of spraying which has fol- 
lowed. At present the line of thought is in the 
discovery of cheapening and rendering less labor- 
ious the application of these solutions. A good 
step in advance is in the employment of ammoniacal 
solutions in connection with the copper. In about 
45 gallons of water, three pints of concentrated am- 
monia and five ounces of copper carbonate are dis- 
solved. The cost is less than one dollar a gallon. 
— Meehan's Monthly for July. 
Several correspondents have written to Meehan's 
Monthly recently, as to how to destroy noxious 
weeds. Poison Ivy, Dock, Canada Thistle, and 
Dandelions are the subjects of these varied inqui- 
ries. In reply the editor states that intelligent gar- 
deners know that no plant can live long without 
leaves. If, therefore, a plant is cut off to the 
ground soon after making leaves in spring, it is 
generally destroyed at once, but sometimes anoth- 
er or second growth will appear, of a more or less 
weak character, and if this is again cut, the plant 
will surely die. Nothing is easier than to destroy 
these weeds when this principle is kept in mind. 
The writer of this paragraph has known a whole 
half acre of Canada thistles entirely eradicated by 
having a boy cut them beneath the ground with a 
knife early inthe spring. Very few shot up leaves 
the second time, but these were again cut as soon 
as perceived, and the result was to eventually de- 
stroy every plant. It did not cost $io. to do it. 
