THE MODERN CEMETERY. 
91 
Shrubby Herbaceous Perennials. 
Certain herbaceous plants are so shrub like in 
their appearance that they serve to merge the one 
class into the other. Some of them are well adap- 
ted for use in connection with plantations of true 
shrubs, others are more in keeping with the plants 
grown in herbaceous borders, and a few have en- 
ough character to be effectively used alone, either 
as isolated specimens or in clumps or beds apart 
from other species. Under this head we will speak 
of three species that are shrub-like in appearance, 
but are, in fact, herbaceous, the shrubby tops dy- 
ing to the ground in the fall just as Paeonies do. 
The first. Cassia Marylandica, looks well only when 
used in connection with shrubs, and looks best 
when set at the edge of a planting, next to the 
grass. It is attractive in foliage 
retains its bright green color 
through the season despite heal 
and drought, and in late sum- 
mer it bears yellow flowers that 
are similar in shape and manner 
of growth to those of the Lo- 
cust tree. 
The second. Clematis Dav- 
idiana, throws up a number of 
leafy stems as shrub-like as Hy- 
drangeas, and in August begins 
to put forth axillary clusters of 
beautifully blue, hyacinth shap- 
ed flowers that are deliciously 
fragrant and that keep on com- 
ing for several weeks. It is har- 
dy, and looks most at home in 
the neighborhood of other her- 
baceous plants, although it 
might fringe a small plantation 
of true shrubs. It is, however, 
not at all conspicuous, and would not be effective at 
a distance, unless, indeed, if used in a large mass. 
The third and most showy of the trio is itself a trin- 
ity. It belongs to the Mallow family, and the 
three varieties are white crimson eyed, cream crim- 
son eyed, and rose colored Hibiscus. They are all 
remarkably handsome, with flowers like very large 
single hollyhocks, and the large bed of white ones 
shown in our illustration is one of the chief August 
attractions of the island flower garden in Jackson 
Park. 
It is in ordinary garden soil, and the plants 
have been fairly well watered, but, like all Mal- 
lows, these are happiest near the water, and single 
plants or clumps of either v ariety make splendid 
ornaments on the margin of lakes or ponds, where 
they may b,e planted only a foot or two from the 
water. The white and the cream colored should 
not be used together, but the pink ones go very 
well with the white, though in placing them it must 
be borne in mind that the rose flowered makes a 
slightly taller growth than either of the others. The 
exquisite shade of this pink, or rose colored Hibis- 
cus is, so far as I know, distinct from anything in 
the floral world, and captivates every colorist by 
its purity. 
Fanny Copley Seavey. 
Some Canons of Criticism.* 
In our article on “The Modern Cemetery a So- 
cial Force,” in the August number, we tried to show 
what the modern cemetery is capable of becoming; 
in “Parasitic Growths,” in the September issue we 
pointed out the influence that, beyond all others, 
threatens to defeat its ideal development; but all 
that we have said will be of little avail if we fail to 
establish criterions of taste in Memorial Art by 
which the false may be distinguished from the true. 
Memorial Art, like literature, is, and should be, 
an admixture of prose and poetry — the sculptor be- 
ing the poet and the architect the prose-writer, and 
thus memorial art seems to us capable of an analy- 
sis that shall be thoroughly qualitative. 
The cardinal considerations in Memorial Art are 
three: 
I. BEAUTY OF DESIGN. 2. DURABILITY, AND 
3 . COST. 
Beauty of Design. This is so far above and be- 
yond every oTlier consideration that the other 
should not occupy a single thought until this is se- 
cured. This wanting, durability is no longer a 
*Copyrighted, i894. by the Memorial Art League. 
CRIMSON EYED HIBISCUS. — BED OF PLANTS IN BLOOM. 
