A NOTE ON INDIAN WHEAT-RUSTS. 
places Launea nudicaulis was also found. Both species were 
healthy everywhere except at Mailani, where Launea asplentfolia 
carried in plenty teleutosporic fructifications of the supposed 
Puccinia rubigo^vera ; no uredospores and no aecidial fructifica- 
tions were found. In Northern Oudh both the Launeas are known 
as gobt ; the rust ** is gerhwi ; in one place (Oel) the name perhwi 
was also used. At Sitapur, where wheat fields were examined, no 
“ rust’^ was found, nor was either Launea obtained. 
On this railway on March 15th, Launea asplentfolia ionvid 
in the permanent way at ^Kamalpur, Sidhauli, Ataria and Itauoja; 
in no case were diseased plants met with. From Itaunja onwards 
to Lucknow and at Lucknow itself only Launea nudicauhs was 
seen. But on the Oudh and Rohilkhund line Launea asplenifolia 
was again obtained, though not in a diseased state, at Safdarganj 
between Lucknov^ and Ajudhya, and at Maiipur between Faizabad 
and Jaunpur. 
At Meja Road on March i6th, the wheat had all been reaped ; it 
was, however, reported to have had no rust. Launea nudicaulis was 
common everywhere. Launea asplentfolia was only found near 
Bandhwa village, but was there extremely abuifiJant where it occurred 
and was much diseased ; both uredospores and teleutospores were 
plentiful ; no aecidial fructifications, however, were found. 
On revisiting the wheat at Shibpur to search again— and again 
unsuccessfully — for teleutospores, it was discovered (March 21st) 
that, during the interval which had elapsed since the previous in- 
spection (February 19th), the wheat had become affected by the 
supposed Puccinia graminis. 
The initial stages of this outbreak were unfortunately not seen 
by us, but the condition presented by the field, when examined on 
March 2 fst, was very striking. In place of being the insignificant 
disease it had seemed in Upper India, attacking a plant here and there’ 
and then only to a quite trifling extent, the blight here was found to 
have attacked every plant in the field that had not been completely 
destroyed by the other “ rust.’* Its uredospores, arranged in long oval 
pustules, occurred on both surfaces of every green leaf-blade, on the 
outside of every leaf-sheath, along the culms themselves ; on the 
outside of the glumes and pales and even on the awns a^ far as their 
tips. A more striking contrast to the appearance of the same 
field when attacked by the supposed P. rubtgo-vera than that now 
presented, could hardly , be conceived. <ro render the contrast 
more effective, every plant of barley— which grain had remained 
immune from the other “ fust ’’—was affected in precisely the w^ay 
