A i\€TE ON INDIAN WHEAT-RUSTS. 
I ig 
fructifications are borne by one or more species of Barberry, In 
this case, however, the structural and metric features differ rather 
more markedly from those of true P. graminis than those of the 
Shibpur Rust do from the corresponding characters of P, ruhtgo-rera. 
The uredospores are decidedly narrower in the Mozufferpur Rust*' 
and, in place of having but two germ-pores, have an equatorial belt 
of germ-pores ; the teleutospores are not, however, distinguishable 
except in forming pustules of a warm-brown colour, instead of black 
as in P, graminis. The most distinctive feature is again in the 
disposition of the pustules, which exactly as was the case with the 
Shibpur Rust and P, rubigo^vera^ here reverse the conditions met with 
in P, graminis. !n P. graminis the pustules are largely developed 
on the leaves ; in the Mozufferpur Rust" the pustules are confined 
almost entirely to the leaf-sheaths, culms and glumes. And while 
it is true that no plant has yet been found to carry the a^cidia of 
this Mozufferpur Rust," it is easier, and much more probable, to 
suppose that such a plant exists but has, so far, been overlooked, 
than to postulate that its spores are wind-borne to the wheat of the 
Indian plains from the Himalayas or the highlands of Central India, 
where alone Barberries " are to be found. There is another strong 
reason for concluding that this “ Mozufferpur Rust " cannot well be 
ordinary P. graminis ; P. graminis is in Europe injurious to wheat, 
to rye, and especially to oats, less to barley (von Tubeuf, Pftansen- 
krankheiten^ 358). There were but few plants of oats present in the 
farm at Shibpur ; none of these carried any rust. But this Mozuffer- 
pur Rust " affected both wheat and barley to precisely the same 
extent, in exactly the same way and, apparently, with equal severity ; 
whereas apparently only one particular form of P. graminis (forma 
secalis) has been found on barley (Eriksson und Henning, Zeit- 
schr. fur Pflanzenkrankh.^ 1894, ii) ; this form occurs also on rye, 
whence th? name, and on Couch-grass," but has not been found on 
wheat at all. 
The “ Mozufferpur Rust, " even in the very severe attack wit- 
nessed at Shibpur, did not appear to us to injure the plants to an 
extent at all corresponding to the amount of rust they carried ; the 
grain whether of wheat or of barley did not seem to be greatly 
depreciated by its presence. It is difficult to compare this feature 
with the corresponding character of P. graminis ; Plowright (loc. 
cit. 168) indicates that P, graminis is* the more severe of the two 
leading wheat-rusts in England, whereas the experience on the 
continent of Europe appears to have been the reverse. 
More difficult to deal with than either of the preceding blights is 
