31 
Order XXL SARRACENIACE^. 
Sarracenie.e, Turpin in Diet, des Sc. c. ic. (?) ; De la Pylaie in Ann. Linn. Par. 6. 388. 
t. 13. (1827) ; Hooker FI. Boreal. Am. p. 33. (1829). 
Essential Character. — Sepals 5, persistent, often having a 3-leaved involucre on 
the outside; (Estivation imbricate. Petals b, hypogynous, unguiculate, concave. Stamens 
indefinite, hypogynous; anthers oblong, adnate, 2-celled, bursting internally and longi- 
tudinally. Ovary superior, 5 -celled, with polyspermous placentae in the axis ; style sin- 
gle ; stigma much dilated, peltate, with 5 angles. Capsule crowned by the persistent stigma, 
with 5 cells and 5 loculicidal valves. Seeds very numerous, minute, slightly warted, cover- 
ing 5 large placentae, which project from the axis into the cavity of the cells ; albumen 
abundant ; embryo cylindrical lying near the base of the seed, with the radicle turned to 
the hilum. — Herbaceous perennial plants, living in bogs. Roots fibrous. Leaves radical, 
with a hollow urn-shaped petiole, at the apex of which is articulated the lamina, which 
covers the petiole like a lid. Scapes each having one large fiower, of a more or less her- 
baceous colour. 
Affinities. These are not well made out. It is usual to refer Sarrace- 
nia to the vicinity of Papaveraceae, on account of its remarkably dilated stigma, 
which is compared to that of Papaver, its indefinite stamens and small embryo 
lying at the base of copious albumen ; and there can he no doubt that these 
points of resemblance are important. But I believe it is also akin to that or- 
der, whatever it may be, which shall finally comprehend Dionaea. With this 
genus no one has suspected the analogy of Sarracenia ; a circumstance which 
has arisen, I presume, chiefly from attention having been turned to the fructi- 
fication rather than the vegetation of those genera. If we compare the foliage 
of Dionaea with that of Saracenia, we shall find that the pitcher of the latter is 
represented by the dilated footstalk of the fonner, which only requires its mar- 
gins to cohere to be identical with it, and that the lid of the pitcher of the 
latter is analogous to the irritable lamina of the fonner. In both genera the 
stamens are hypogynous ; both have a single stigma, which in Sarracenia is 
petaloid, in Dionsea is merely fringed ; both have an embiyo lying at the base 
of copious albumen, and both have polyspemious placentae. In the internal 
arrangement of the fruit the two genera are dissimilar ; but the differences de- 
pend upon peculiar modifications of structure, which cannot be considered to 
affect affinities otherwise so strongly indicated. In the remarkable stmeture 
of the leaves this order agrees with Nepenthaceae and Cephalotaceae. 
Geography. The species are exclusively confined to the bogs of North 
America. 
Properties. Unknown. 
GENUS. 
Sarracenia, L. 
Group II. 
Essential Character. — Ovary inferior, usually having an epigynous disk. Seeds not 
having a disproportionate quantity of albumen. 
That all the orders comprehended in this group are really connected by 
some common character, can hardly be doubted by any one. The third and 
fourth, and especially the fifth and sixth alliances, are imperfect, and will, no 
doubt, be more correctly limited when more forais that shall be referable to 
them have been discovered ; but in the mean while Cornales joins Mwtales by 
Rhizophoraceie and LoranthacetC, or Alangiacesc and Hamamelacese ; Cucurbi- 
