40 
Order XXV. RHIZOPHORACE^, The Mangrove Tribe. 
Rhizophore^, R. Brown Gen. Rem. in Flinders, p. 17. (1814) ; in Congo, p. 18. (1818) ; 
DC. Prodr. 3. 31. (1828) ; Bartl. Ord. Nat. 320. (1830). — Paletuviers, Savigny 
in Lam. Diet, 4. 696. (1796.) 
Essential Character. — Calyx superior, very rarely nearly inferior, with the lobes 
varying in number from 4 to 13, occasionally all cohering in a calyptra. Petals arising 
from the calyx, alternate with the lobes, and equal to them in number. Stamens arising 
from the same point as the petals, and tvdee or thrice their number ; filaments distinct ; 
anthers erect, innate. Ovary 2-celled, each cell containing 2 or more pendulous ovules. 
Fruit indehiscent, crowned by the calyx, 1 -celled, 1 -seeded. Seed pendulous, without al- 
bumen ; radicle long ; cotyledons 2, flat. — Coast trees or shrubs. Leaves simple, opposite, 
entire or toothed, with stipules between the petioles. Peduncles axillary. 
Anomalies. The leaves of Baraldeia have pellucid dots. 
Affinities. An order exceedingly remarkable for the seeds germinating 
while yet attached to the branch. From a consideration of the structure of 
Carallia and Legnotis, Brown has been led to conclude that we have a series 
of structures connecting Rhizophora, on the one hand, with certain genera of 
Lythraceie, particularly with' Antheiylium, though that genus wants the 
inteimiediate stipules ; and, on the other, with Cunoniacese, especially with the 
simple-leaved species of Ceratopetalum. Congo, 437. This order agrees with 
Cunoniacese in its opposite leaves and intermediate stipules, and with great 
part of them in the lestivation of its calyx, and in the stmeture and cohesion of 
ovary. R. Broivn, Flinders, 549. De Candolle points out its relation to 
Vochyaceae and Combretaceae, and even to Memecylaceae through the genus 
Olisbea. The genera were comprehended in Loranthaceae by Jussieu. Leg- 
notideae are probably a distinct order, of which httle is yet known. 
Geography. Natives of the shores of the tropics, where they root in the 
mud, and form a dense thicket down to the verge of the ocean. 
Properties. The bark is usually astringent; that of Rhizophora gym- 
norhiza is used in India for dyeing black. DC. The wood of several is 
described as being hard and durable. Royle. 
GENERA. 
§ 1. Rhizophore^ 
VERiE, DC. 
Rhizophora, L. 
Bruguiera, Lam. 
Paletuviera, Thouar. ? Codia, Forst. Tita, Scop. 
Carallia, Roxb. Olisbea, DC. Legnotis, Sw. 
BrtrmWeia, Thouars. § 2. LEGNOTioEiE, Btg. RichcEia, Thouars. 
Baraultia, Steud. Cassipourea, Aubl. tVeihea, Spreng. 
Order XXVL MEMECYLACE^. 
MEMECYLEiE, DC. Prodi'. 3. 5. (1828) ; Bartl. Ord. Nat.'^. 327. (1830). 
Essential Character. — Calyx superior, 4- or 5-lobed, or 4-5-toothed. Petals 4-5, 
inserted into the calyx, and alternate with its lobes. Stamens 8-10; filaments distinct; 
anthers incurved, 2 celled. Ovary 2-4 celled, rarely 8-celled ; ovules solitary, pendulous. 
Style filiform ; stigma simple. Fruit either berried or drupaceous, crowned by the limb of 
the calyx, indehiscent ; occasionally (by abortion) only one-celled. Seeds pendulous, with- 
out albumen; cotyledons foliaceous, convolute; radicle straight. — Shrubs. Leaves oppo- 
site, simple, entire, without stipules or dots, almost always without more than one central 
rib. Flow'ers axillary, pedicellate. 
Affinities. A small order very near Myrtacese and Melastomacese, and 
in some respects almost intermediate between them. It agrees with the 
former in the single rib of tlie leaves, and with the latter in the want of dots 
