75 
of Siam ; this is in rolls, having the appearance of being rolled or cast in 
moulds when in its soft state ; it is solid and compact in texture, and forms the 
best pigment. This is what is supposed to be procured from Stalagmitis Cam- 
bogioides, which, according to Wight and Arnott, is a species of Garcinia, 
and probably identical with G. cochinchinensis. The other kind in smaller 
pieces, granular, brittle, less veilued as a colour, and less effective as a purga- 
tive, is the produce of Ceylon. This, there can be little doubt is what is fur- 
nished by Xanthochymus pictorius. Many more species afford a similar 
substance although of inferior quality. Garcinia pictoria yields Gamboge 
which in its crude and unprepared state is superior to every other kind ; but it 
is not so permanent. Royles Illustr. p. 132. Many would, no doubt, yield 
useful timber, as Calophyllum angustifolium furnishes the straight spars called 
Peon, at Penang, and in the islands to the Eastward of the Bay of Bengal. 
The blossoms of Maesua ferrea are to be found in every bazaar in a dried state, 
under the name of nagkesur, being used in medicine as well as esteemed for 
their fragrance. The seeds of Calophyllum inophyllum yield an oil, and a 
resin exudes from the roots which is supposed by some authors to be the same 
as the Tacamahaca of the Isle of Bourbon. Ibid. The true East India Taca- 
mahaca is produced by Calophyllum Calaba. The powerful gastric cathartic 
properties of Gamboge are well known. If dissolved in water, and examined 
beneath a very powerful microscope, this substance will be found to consist 
entirely of active molecules. In the West Indies the juice of Mammea 
is employed to destroy the chiggers, little insects which attack the naked 
feet, introducing themselves into the flesh below the toe-nails. The bark 
of many kinds is astringent and slightly vermifugal. The berry of Garcinia 
Mangostana is believed to be the most grateM to the palate of all the 
fruits that are known. Other species, especially G. cornea and paniculata, 
also bear a grateful fruit. The Butter and Tallow-tree of Sierra Leone, which 
owes its name' (Pentadesma butyracea) to the yellow greasy juice its fruit 
yields when cut, belongs to this order. The flowers of Clusia insignis weep a 
considerable quantity of resin from the disk and stamens ; so much that Von 
Martins says he obtained an ounce from two flowers. See Nov. G. and Sp, 
3. 165. 
GENERA. 
§ 1. Cluster, DC. 
Tovomita, Aubl. 
Marialva, Vand. 
Beauharnoisia, R. 
et P. 
Ochrocarpus, Pt. Th, 
Verticillaria, R. et P. 
Chloromyron, Pers. 
Clusia, L. 
Xanthe, W. 
Arrudea, Camb. 
Havetia, Kth. 
Quapoya, Aubl. 
Schweiggera, Mart. 
Micranthera, Chois. 
Bertolonia, Spr. 
,§ 2. MoRONOBEiE. 
Moronobea, Aubl. 
Symphonia, Juss. 
Chrysopia, Pet. Th. 
Aneuriscus, Presl. 
§ 3. Garcinie^, DC. 
Mammea, L. 
Pentadesma, R. Br. 
Rheedia, L. 
Garcinia, L. 
Cambogia, L. 
Mangostana, Gaertn, 
Stalagmitis, Murr. 
Xanthochymus, Rox. 
Brindonia, Pet. Th. 
Oxycarpus, Lour. 
§ 4. CALOPHYLBEiE. 
Mesua, L. 
Calophyllum, L. 
Kayea, Wall. 
Apoterium, Bl. 
, Gy notroches, Bl. 
Macoubea, Aubl. 
Macanea, Juss. 
Macahanea, Aubl. 
Sub-Order? CANELLEJE. 
CANELLACEiE, Von Martius, Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3. 163. (1829) ; Conspectus, No. 300. 
(1835). 
Von Martius states in the place above quoted, “ that Platonia and Canella 
form a peculiar order, especially distinguished from Guttiferse by the presence 
of albumen.” He suggests that Moronobea may also belong to the same as- 
semblage. The ovules of- Canella are remarkably different from those of Gut- 
tiferae ; they hang in a single pair side by' side, and by short funicles, from 
near the apex of the solitary carpel of which the fruit consists. 
