154 
properties are also found in the pulp within the fruit of Cathartocarpus fistula 
and Ceratonia siliqua, and also of the Tamarind, the preserved pulp of which 
is so well known as a delicious confection. Mahc acid exists in the Tamarind, 
mixed with tartaric and citric acids. Turner, 634. Cassia marilandica is 
found in North America a useful substitute for the Alexandrian Senna. 
Barton, 1. 143. As an instance of pulse, in this tribe Ceratonia sihqua may 
be adduced, which, under the name of the Carob Tree, or Algaroba bean, is 
consumed in the south of Spain by horses. Some are reported to produce 
powerfully hitter and tonic effects. "Various species of Geoffrsea, the bark of 
Caesalpinia BonducceUa are of this class. The kernels of Guilandina Bonduc- 
ceUa are very bitter, and are supposed by the native doctors of India to possess 
powerful tonic virtues. When pounded small and mixed with castor oil, they 
form a valuable external application in incipient hydrocele. Ainslie, 2. 136. 
The leaves are a valuable discutient, fried with a little castor oil, in cases of 
hernia humoralis. Ihid. The native practitioners in India prescribe the dried 
buds and young flowers of Bauhinia tomentosa in certain dysenteric afifections. 
Ihid. 2. 48. The bark of Bauhinia variegata, and also of Cassia auriculata, 
are, according to Roxburgh, used by the natives in tanning and dyeing leather, 
as well as in medicine. Royle. The roots of Guilandina Nuga and 
Moringa are diuretic. DC. Among dyes are Logwood, the wood of Hsema- 
toxylon campeachianum, and the red dye yielded by several Caesalpinias. The 
colouring matter of Logwood is a peculiar principle, called Hsematin. The 
hukkum or sappan wood of India belongs to Caesalpinia sappan. A deep red is 
yielded by the chips of Adenanthera pavonina, it is called rukta-chundun, or 
red sandal wood. Royle. Several afford timber. The Brazil wood of com- 
merce is obtained from Caesalpinia Brasiliensis. Some of the Indian species 
yield good timber ; others, as Bauhinia racemosa and parviflora, have bark 
employed in making rope. An oil is expressed from the seeds of some, as 
Caesalpinia oleosperma ; others exude a mild gum, like the Mimoseae, and some 
other plants, which have at the same time an astringent bark. A brownish 
coloured gum is said, by Roxburgh, to be aflbrded by his Bauhinia retusa ; it 
is also collected from B. emarginata, in the Deyra Boon, and called sem-ke-gond. 
Royle. The resin animi is procured from Hymenaea Courbaril ; the Copal of 
Mexico is supposed to be the produce of some plant allied to this. A fragrant 
resinous principle is exuded by Aloexylum AgaUochum. Id. p. 185. 
Tribe 4. Mimoseae. 
Astringency in the bark, and the production of a sort of gum in the same 
part, is the great characteristic of this tribe. Of gums. Acacia verek 
yields gum Senegal on the western coast of Africa ; A. nilotica and seyal, gum 
arahic in Nubia; something similar is produced in New Holland by A. de- 
currens, and in India by A. arabica, famesiana, and speciosa. Royle. For an 
account of the Gum forests, see FI. Seneg. 1. 246. As an instance oi pulse ; 
the seeds of Parkia africana are roasted as we roast cofibe, then bruised, and 
allowed to ferment in water. WThen they begin to become putrid, they are 
well washed and pounded ; the powder is made into cakes, somewhat in the 
fashion of our chocolate ; they form an excellent sauce for all kinds of meat. 
The farinaceous matter surrounding the seeds forms a pleasant drink, and they 
also make it into a sweetmeat. Brown in Denham, 29. Tonic and astringent 
qualities are also present here. The bark of Acacia Arabica is considered in 
India a powerful tonic ; it is also extensively used in tanning leather. Royle. 
A decoction of its pods is used as a substitute for that of the seeds of Mimosa 
saponaria for washing. Ihid. 2. 142. Its tonic powers are connected with 
the astringent and tanning properties of several others. Some of the Algarobas 
or Prosopises of the western part of South America bear fruit, the pericarp of 
which consists almost wholly of tannin. The bark of some of the species of 
