235 
times spiny. Leaves alternate, entire, or lobed, without stipules, often covered with glan- 
dular or stinging hairs. Flowers numerous, axillary and terminal. Inflorescence gyrate. 
Affinities. Separated from Convolvulacese by Brown, on account of the 
indefinite seeds, and taper embryo with small flat cotyledons in the midst 
of fleshy albumen. To me the order appears equally related to Boraginaceae, 
with some of which Wigandia agrees in habit. Also allied to Hydrophylla- 
ceae, the membranous plates lining the tube of the corolla of that* order being, 
according to Von Martins (iV. G. 2. 138.), analogous to the dilated base of 
the filaments of Hydroleaceae. 
Geography. No particular geographical limits can be assigned to this 
order. Wigandia is found in the Caraccas, Hydrolea in the West Indies, and 
Nama in both the East and West Indies. 
Properties. Unknown, except that a bitter principle exists in Hy- 
drolea. 
GENERA. 
Hydrolea, L. Hydi’olia, Pet. Th. ? Romanzovia, Cham. 
Steris, L. Nama, L. 
Sagonea, Aubl. Wigandia, H. B. K. Cervia, Lga. 
Reichelia, Schreb. ' Codon, L. 
Group II. 
Essential Character. — Ovary inferior, usually with an epigynous disk, composed of 
two or more carpels. Anthers never bursting by pores. Stamens always inserted into the 
corolla. 
If attention is paid to the constant absence of a porous dehiscence in the 
anthers, this group can never be confounded with the last, notwithstanding 
that some Polycarpous genera have an inferior ovary. It is here that we have 
one of the most evident transitions from Monopetalous to Polypetalous 
Exogens by way of Galium and other Stellatse to Umbelliferous plants, and 
by way of Caprifoliacese to Cornales. 
Alliance I. CAMPANALES, 
Essential Character. — Stipules absent. Seeds indefinite in number. 
Of this alliance Lobeliaceae pass into Goodenales and Columelliaceae seem 
to have much analogy with Onagracese. Campanulacese may be considered 
to pass into Caprifoliaceee by way of Linnsea and into Ericaceae by way of Ca- 
lysphyrum. 
Order CLXXIX. LOBELIACE^. 
Campanulace^, § 2. R. Brown Prodr. 562. (1810). — Lobeliace^, Juss. Ann. Mus. 
18. 1. (1811) ; DC. and Duty, 310. (1828) ; Lindl. Synops. 137. 0^29). 
Essential Character. — Calyx superior, 5-lobed, or entire. Corolla monopetalous, 
irregular, inserted in the cal^x, 5-lobed, or deeply 5 -cleft. Stamens 5, inserted into the 
calyx alternately with the lobes of the corolla; anthers cohering-, pollen o\di\. Ovary in- 
ferior, with from 1 to 3 cells ; ovules very numerous, attached either to the axis or to the 
