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organs is highly curious ; the stamens and style are closely combined in a 
solid irritable column, at the top of which is a cavity, including the stigma, 
and hounded by the anthers. A singular blunder was committed by Labil- 
lardiere, who mistook the epigynous gland for the stigma ; and another by 
L. C. Richard, who considered the labellum to be the female organ. 
Geography. Chiefly found in New Holland. Species have been dis- 
covered both in Ceylon and the South Sea Islands. 
Properties. Unknown. 
GENERA. 
Stylidium, Sw. Leuwenhoekia, R. Br. 
Ventenatia, Sm. Forstera, Linn. fil. 
Candollea, La Bill. Phyllachne, Forst. 
Alliance II. GOODENIALES, 
Essential Character. — Stigma with a cup-like indusium. 
In habit the plants of this alliance are similar to Lobeliaceae ; their peculiar 
stigma, however, sufficiently distinguishes them. 
Order CLXXXIV. GOODENIACE^. 
Campanul^e, Juss. Gen. 163. (1789) in part. — Goodenovi^, R. Brown Prodr. 573. (1810). 
Bartl. Ord. Nat. 148. (1830). 
Essential Character. — Calyx usually superior, rarely inferior, equal or unequal, in 
from 3 to 5 divisions. Corolla always more or less superior, monopetalous, more or less 
irregular, withering; its tube split at the back, and sometimes capable of being separated 
into 5 pieces, when the calyx only coheres with the base of the ovary ; its limb 5 -parted, 
with 1 or 2 lips, the edges of the segments being thinner than the middle, and folded inwards 
in aestivation. Stamens 5, distinct, alternate with the segments of the corolla ; anthers dis- 
tinct or cohering, 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. Pollen simple or compound. Ovary 
2-celled, rarely 4-celled, with indefinite ovules, having sometimes a gland at its base between 
the 2 anterior filaments ; style 1, simple, very rarely divided; stigma fleshy, undivided, or 
2-lobed, surrounded by a membranous cup. Fruit a 2- or 4-celled capsule with many 
seeds, attached to the axis of the dissepiment, which is usually parallel with the valves, 
rarely opposite to them. Seeds usually with a thickened testa, which is sometimes nut^ 
like ; albumen fleshy, enclosing an erect embryo ; cotyledons foliaceous ; plumule incon- 
spicuous. — Herbaceous plants, rarely shrubs, without milk, with simple or glandular hairs, if 
any are present. Leaves scattered, often lobed, without stipules. Inflorescence terminal, 
variable. Flowers distinct, never capitate, usually yellow, or blue, or pink. 
Anomalies. This order offers the singular anomaly of genera having, at the same time, 
an inferior calyx and a superior corolla ; a circumstance which, it has been well observed 
by Brown, points out the real origin of both organs. 
Affinities. We cannot doubt the strict relation of these to Campanu- 
laceae and Lobeliacese, from which they differ in the aestivation of the flower, 
and in the peculiar indusium of the stigma, a trace of which is to be found in 
Lobeliaceae, and which exists in a remarkable degree in the order Brunoniaceae 
of the Aggregose group. Scaevolaceae differ only in their definite seeds. 
Upon the nature of the indusium of the stigma Brown makes the following 
observations. 
“ Is this remarkable covering of the stigma in these families merely a pro- 
cess of the apex of the stvie r or is it a part of distinct origin, though inti- 
R 
