275 
Colsmannia, Leh. 
Craniospermum, 
Lehm. 
Dioclea, Spreng. 
Anchusa, L. 
Buglossum, All. 
Exarrhena, R. Br. 
Myosotis, L. Trichodesma, R. Br. Echinospermum, S\v. 
Eritrichium, Schrad. Pollichia, Medic. Rochelia, Roem. 
Bothryospermum,Bge. Asperugo, L. Schult. 
Stomatechium, Lehm. Cynoglossum, L. 
Symphytum, L. Mattia, Schult. Menais, L. 
Borago, L. Omphalodes, Tournef. Cortesia, Cav. 
Trachystemma, Don. Picotia, Schult. Canala, Pohl. 
Alliance III. LABIALES. 
Essential Character. — Fruit nucamentaceous. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, 
never gyrate. Flowers usually irregular and unsymmetrical, often didynamous. 
Order CCV. LABIAT2E, ] 
or I The Mint Tribe. 
LAMIACE^E.J 
Labiat^e, Juss. Gen. 110. (1789) ; JR. Brown Prodr. A99. (1810) ; Mirbel in Ann. Mus. 15. 
213. (1810) ; Lindl. Synops. 196. (1829) ; Bentham in Bot. Reg. (1829) ; Id. Gen. 
et Sp. Lahiatarum, (1832-1836). 
Essential Character. — Calyx tubular, inferior, persistent, the odd tooth being next 
the axis; regular 5- or 10-toothed, or irregular bilabiate or 3- to 10-toothed. Corolla mo- 
nopetalous, hypogynous, bilabiate ; the upper lip undivided or bifid, overlapping the lower, 
which is larger and 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted upon the corolla, alternately 
with the lobes of the lower lip, the 2 upper sometimes wanting ; anthers 2-celled ; some- 
times apparently unilocular in consequence of the confiuence of the cells at the apex ; 
sometimes 1 cell altogether obsolete, or the 2 cells separated by a bifurcation of the con- 
nective. Ovary deeply 4 -lobed, seated in a fleshy hypogynous disk; the lobes each contain- 
ing 1 erect ovule ; style 1, proceeding from the base of the lobes of the ovary; stigma bifid, 
usually acute. Fruit 1 to 4 small nuts, enclosed within the persistent calyx. Seeds erect, 
with little or no albumen ; embryo erect ; cotyledons flat. — Herbaceous plants or under- 
shrubs. Stem 4-cornered, with opposite ramifications. Leaves opposite, divided or un- 
divided, without stipules, replete with receptacles of aromatic oil. Flowers in opposite, 
nearly sessile, axillary cymes, resembling whorls ; sometimes solitary or as if capitate. 
Affinities. Tlie 4-lobed ovary, with a solitary style arising from the 
base of the lobes, has no parallel among monopetalous orders, except Nolana- 
cese which have a plaited corolla, and Boraginaceae, to which Labiatse must 
be considered as most closely allied. They differ in the latter having not only 
an irregular corolla, but not more than 2 or 4 stamens, while the lobes of the 
corolla are 5, and opposite leaves ; circumstances in which Labiatse resemble 
Scrophulariacese and the orders allied to it. From all such they are known, in 
the absence of fructification, by their square stem and the numerous reservoirs 
of oil in their leaves. For some good remarks upon the anatomy of the 
stem of Labiatae, see Mirbel in the Annates du Museum, vol. 15. p. 223. The 
aestivation of the corolla of this order, first well pointed out by Brown {Prodr. 
500.), is an important consideration in determining whether a flower is resu- 
pinate or not. Prostanthera is remarkable for the appendages to its anthers, 
and for the remains of albumen existing in the ripe seeds of several of its spe- 
cies. Brown in Flinders, 566. According to Griesselich, the reservoirs of 
oil in the leaves of Labiatse are not analogous to those of Oranges and other 
plants, but are little utricules having an open orifice ; and hence he calls them 
pores. Ferussac, Jan. 1830, p. 96. The order has been recently revised and 
redescribed with great skill and learning by Bentham. Tectona, usually included 
in Verbenaceae, is referred here by Hamilton under the name of Tlieka. Linn. 
