278 
the concrete carpels of the former, their terminal style, and the usual absence 
of reservoirs of oil from their leaves, as contrasted with the deeply 4-lobed 
ovary and aromatic leaves of the latter. There are, however, particular species 
of Labiatse which approach Verbenaceae very closely, so that Brown has 
remarked {Congo, 451), that it has been difficult to distinguish the two orders. 
Verbenaceae differ from Myoporaceae and Selaginaceae in the position of the 
radicle, which in the former points to the base, and in the two latter to the 
apex of the fruit. There are also other points of difference, which will be 
mentioned under those orders. Acanthaceae and Scrophffiariaceae differ in not 
having 1- or 2- seeded indehiscent cells. Brown remarks, that although all 
the genera of Verbenaceae have an embryo whose radicle points towards the 
base of the fruit, yet many of them have pendulous seeds, and consequently a 
radicle remote from the umbilicus. Flinders, 567. Aug. de St. Hilaire 
asserts, that all, except Avicennia, have a sessile erect ovule arising from the 
base of each cell. PI. Usuelles, 40. Brown, however, places Avicennia in 
Myoporiaceae. 
, Geography. Rare in Europe, northern Asia, and North America; com- 
mon in the tropics of both hemispheres, and in the temperate districts of South 
America. In the tropics they become shmbs, or even gigantic timber, but in 
colder latitudes they are mere herbs. 
Properties. Not of much inportance in a medicinal or economical point 
of view. Callicarpa lanata bark has a peculiar subaromatic and slightly bit- 
terish taste, and is chewed by the Cingalese when they cannot obtain Betel 
leaves; the Malays reckon the plant diuretic. Ainslie, 2. 180. Stachytar- 
pheta jamaicensis is a plant to which the Brazilians attach the same false no- 
tions of powerful action as Europeans fonnerly did to the common Vervain. 
Its leaves are sometimes used to adulterate Chinese Tea, and have even been 
sent to Europe imder the name of Brazilian Tea. PL Usuelles, p. 39. Au- 
guste de St. Hilaire speaks in terms of high praise of the agreeable properties 
of the aromatic Lantana pseudo-thea, used in infusion as tea. It is highly es- 
teemed in Brazil, where it is vulgarly called Capitao do matto, or Cha de 
pedreste. Ibid. p. 70. The root of Premna integrifolia is cordial and 
stomachic in decoction. Ainslie, 2. 210. Silex exists in abundance in the 
wood of the Teak Tree (Tectona grandis), which belongs here. Ed. P. J. 
3. 413. The properties formerly ascribed to the Vervain appear to have been 
imaginary. 
GENERA. 
§ 1. ViTiCEiE, Bartl. 
Clerodendron, L. 
VolkamericB spp. L. 
Ovieda, L. 
Siphonanthus, L. 
Volkmannia, Jacq. ^ 
A^ricolcea. Schranl^, 
Volkameria, L. 
Pyrostoma, Meyer. 
Hilsenbergia, Tausch. 
Wallrothia, Roth. 
.(Egiphila, L. 
Manabea, Aubl. 
Oinphalococca, W. 
Chilianthus, Burch. 
Cornutia, L. 
Petitia, Jacq. 
Callicarpa, L. 
Porphyra, Lour. 
Spondylococcus, 
Mitch. 
Pityrodia, R. Br. 
Premna, L. 
Hosta, Jacq. 
Peronema, Jack. 
Vitex, L. 
Limia, Vand. 
, Congea, Roxb. 
Sphenodesme, Jack. 
Symphorema, Roxb. 
Chloanthes, R. Br. 
Gmelina, L, 
Tectona, L. fil. 
Theka, Juss. 
§ 2. Verbene.®, Bartl. 
Duranta, L. 
Pdppigia, Bertero. 
Petrea, L. 
Citharexylon, L. 
Rauioolfia, R. P. 
Amasonia, T.. 
Taligalea, Aubl. 
Melasanthus, Pohl. 
Priva, Adans. 
Phryma, Forsk. 
Blairia, Houst. 
Gsertn. 
Castelia, Cav. 
Streptium, Roxb. 
Tortula, Willd. 
Barbula, Lour. 
Callipeltis, Bge. 
Tamonea, Aubl. 
Koempfera, Houst. 
Ghinia, Sw. 
Leptocarpus, Link. 
Spielmannia, Medic. 
Platonia, Rafin. 
Aloysia, Ort. 
Verbena, L. 
Glandularia, Gmel. 
Stachytarphcta, Valil. 
Dipyrena, Hook. 
Wilsonia, Hook. 
Buchia, H. B. K. 
Perama, Aubl. 
Mattuschkea, Schreb. 
Lippia, L, 
Zapania, Scop. 
Lantana, L. 
Carachera, Forsk. 
Riedelia, Schlecht. 
Dipterocalyx, Schlech. 
Bouchea, Schlecht. 
Casselia, Nees. 
Asaphes, Spreng. 
Glossocarya, Wall. 
Geunsia, Bl. 
HymenopyramiSjWall. 
Monochilus, F. et M. 
