288 
the seeds are attached by rather long funicuh, while they are absolutely sessile 
in Orobanchacese. Moreover, there is a tendency in the latter to become pen- 
tandrous, or even hexandrous ; but not only no such tendency exists in the 
former, but the reverse takes place, in the occasional increased sterihty of 
the stamens. There is scarcely any trace of the glandular processes of the 
disk of Gesneracese in Orobanche, or at least nothing more than a thin glandu- 
lar coating to the base of the ovary. See Von Martins Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. 
3. 72. From Scrophulariacese they are known by their 1 -celled ovary and 
minute inverted embryo ; and from all that have been mentioned, by their ha- 
bit and parasitical mode of growth. In this respect they resemble Monotro- 
paceee, from which they differ in their ovary being composed of 2, not 5 car- 
pels, and their irregular unsymmetrical flowers. According to the observations 
of Vaucher, of Geneva, the seeds of Orobanche ramosa will lie many years 
inert in the soil unless they come in contact with the roots of Hemp, the plant 
upon which the species grows parasitically : when they immediately sprout. 
See Ferussac, Feb. 1824, 136. 
Geography. Not uncommon in Europe, particularly in the southern 
kingdoms. Barbary, middle and northern Asia, and North America; very rare 
in India. 
Properties. Orobanche virginiana is supposed to have formed, in con- 
junction with white oxide of arsenic, a famous cancer powder, which was 
known in North America under the name of “ Martin’s Cancer Powder.” It 
is thought to participate in the powerful astringent properties of Orobanche 
major. Barton, 2. 38. 
Orobanche, L. 
Osproleon, Wallr. 
Kopsia, Dumort. 
Trionychon, Wallr. 
GENERA. 
Boschniakia, Bge. 
Phelipsea, Desf. 
Hyobanche, L. 
Lathraea, L. 
Epiphegus, Nutt. 
Obolaria, L. 
iEginetia, Roxb. 
Alectra, Thunb. 
Order CCXVII. SCROPHULARIACE^. The Figwort Tribe. 
ScROPHULARi^, Juss.Gen. 117. (1789). — Scrophularine^, R. Brown Prodr. 433. (1810) ; 
Lindl. Synops. 187. (1829) ; Bartl. Ord. Nat. 169. (1830) ; Bentham in Botan. 
Register, June (1835); Scrophular, Ind. (1835); Don in Ed. Phil. Journ. {July, 
1835). — Pediculares, Juss. Gen. 99. (1789) in part . — Personate, DC. FI. Fr. 3. 
573. (1815); Don in Edinb. Phil. Joum. {July, 1835). — Antirrhine^, DC. and 
Duty, 342. (1828). — Halleriace^e, Link Handb. 1. 506. (1829) a § o/ Personatae. 
— ScoPARiACEiE, Ib. 822. the same. — Erine^, Ib. 510. the same. — CnELONEiE, 
ARAGOACEiE, SiBTHORPi ACE^, Don in Edinb. Phil. Journ. {July, 1835). — Melam- 
PYRACE.E, Rich. Anal, du Fruit. (1808) ; Lindl. Synops. 194. (1829). — Rhinan- 
THACE^, DC. El. Fr. 3. 454. (1815) ; DC. and Duby Bot. Gall. 351. (1828) in part ; 
Ed. Prior. No. 212 (1830). — Pediculares, Juss. Gen. 99. (1789) in part ; Duvau 
in Ann. des Sc. Nat. 8. 180. (1826). 
Essential Character; — Calyx inferior, persistent, pentamerous or by abortion tetra- 
merous, the sepals sometimes united almost to the point, sometimes only at their base, some- 
times altogether distinct and imbricated, often unequal, the upper one being largest, the two 
lowest smaller, the lateral ones smallest. Corolla monopetalous, pentamerous, or, the upper 
petals being united to their points, tetramerous ; tube short or long; limb flat or erect, 
nearly equally divided or labiate, imbricated in aestivation. Stamens in a single series oppo- 
site the sepals ; the uppermost altogether deflcient, or sterile, or very rarely fertile, and 
shorter than the others ; the two lateral equal, antheriferous or very rarely sterile and abor- 
tive ; the lower equal, sometimes fertile and equal to the lateral ones or longer, often ste- 
rile or deficient ; anthers 2-celled, or, by growing together or half-disappearing, one-celled, 
opening longitudinally. Ovary superior 2-celled, many-seeded ; style simple or rarely 
