387 
of a peculiar order ; a measure which Brown appears to to have anticipated 
when he remarked {Prodr. 244.), that the genus Xyris, although placed by 
him at the end of Restiacese, is certainly very different from the other genera, 
in the inner segments of the perianth being petaloid, with the stamens pro- 
ceeding from the top of their ungues, and in their numerous seeds. 
Geography. All, with the exception of Eriocaulon, extra- European ; 
chiefly found in the woods and marshes of South America, and in New Hol- 
land and southern Africa. 
Properties. None, except that the tough wiry stems of some species 
are manufactured into baskets and brooms. Willdenowia teres is employed 
for the latter purpose, and Restio tectorum for thatching. 
For the following arrangement I am indebted to my excellent friend Pro- 
fessor Nees V. Esenbeck. 
GENERA. 
§ 1. Spicula faeminea polycarpa. Fructus capsularis. Capsula v. trilocularis v, abortu 
unilocularis, rima dehiscens aut prorsus indehiscens, coriacea. 
Restio, L. (ex parte) Leptocarpus, R. Br. Chaetanthus, R. Br. Calorophus, Lab. 
Elegia, Thunb. Restionis sp. Forst. Anarthria, R. Br. Lyginia, R, Br. 
Thamnochortus, Brg. W. Lepyrodia, R. Br. Schcenodi sp. Lab. 
Schcenodi sp. Lab. 
§ 2. Spicula $ submonocarpa. Fructus nucamentaceus, monospermus, durus, indehiscens, 
basi saepe perigynio lobato lacerove cinctus. 
Rhodocoma, N. ab E. Ceratocaryum,N.abE. Cucullifer, N. ab E. Lepidanthus, N. ab E. 
(84) (87) (88) Loxocarya, R. Br. 
Hypodiscus, N. ab E. Willdenovia, Thunb. Mesanthus, N. ab E. Antochortus, N. ab E. 
(85) Nematanthus, (89) (90) 
Leucoplocus, N. ab E. N. ab E. Hypolaena, R. Br. Aphelia, R. Br.* 
( 86 ) 
Sub-Order. ERIOCAULONE^. 
ERiocAULONEiE, L. C. Richard in H. B. K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. PL 1. 251. (1815) ; Desvaux 
in Ann. Sc. 13. 36. (1828) ; Martins in Act. Acad. Cces. Nat. cur. 17. (1833). 
Essential Character. — Flowers capitate, bracteate, unisexual. Calyx 3-leaved with 
2 of the leaves anterior, or 2-leaved. Ovary superior 3- or 2-celled. Dehiscence of the 
capsule loculicidal. Seeds solitary, pendulous, with series of hairs. Embryo lying upon 
the albumen at the end of the seed most remote from the hilum. — Herbs with parallel- 
veined sheathing leaves. Martins. 
Affinities. Usually combined with Restiacese, from which, however. 
Von Martins separates it on the following grounds : — 
Restiace^. Flowers in spikes. Calyx glumaceous v- Stamens in a 
single row, 1-3, opposite the petals ; anthers generally 1 -celled. Seeds with- 
out rows of hairs. 
Eriocaulone.e. Flowers in heads, unisexual. Calyx sepaloideous A. 
Stamens 3, 6, 2, 4 ; if in two rows with the inner row most developed ; an- 
thers 2-celled. Seeds solitary, with rows of hairs. 
An elaborate account of the order is given by Von Martins, and many re- 
markable species of Eriocaulon are figured by Bongard in Memoirs of the Im- 
pcrial Academy of St. Petersburgh, 6th series, 1. p, 601. 
Geography. Found in marshes in most parts of the world. 
Properties. Unknown. 
* This genus is omitted from his list by Professor Nees von Esenbeck, who probably 
refers it, with Bartling, to Desvauxiaceae. 
