62 
Brewster’s Descriptions of the First Plumage 
lids conspicuously fulvous-yellow. In one specimen (male, taken August 
21), the eyelids are dirty-white. From seven specimens (two females, five 
males) in my collection shot at Upton, Me., August, 1874. Irrespective 
of generic characters, the young of G. Philadelphia in autumn are at once 
distinguishable from those of Oporornis agilis in corresponding stages, by 
the total absence of ashy on the central regions of throat, jugulum, and 
breast. So marked is the difference that obtains in this respect that I am 
easily able to separate the two species, when lying side by side, at a dis- 
tance of fifteen or twenty feet. 
40. Geothlypis macgillivrayi. 
Young autumal plumage : male. Entire upper parts exactly as in G. 
Philadelphia of corresponding age and sex. (See preceding species.) 
Sides of head very dark ashy, washed with olive. Eyelids white. Fore- 
part of the breast light ashy-gray, with a slight superficial wash of olive, 
shading into huffy-white on the chin. (Again compare with preceding 
species.) Rest of under parts clear rich yellow, obscured somewhat with 
greenish-olive on the sides. Upon raising, or even slightly disarranging, 
the feathers of the throat, broad subterminal bands of black appear on 
each feather. These bands or blotches, as in the young G. Philadelphia , 
are concealed by the ashy tips of the overlapping feathers. From a speci- 
men in my collection shot at Nicasio, Cal., by Mr. C. A. Allen, August 1, 
1876. 
41. Geothlypis trichas. 
First plumage: male. Remiges, rectrices, etc., as in adult. Wing- 
coverts continuously light brown. Rest of upper parts, including sides of 
head, brown, lightest on rump, and slightly tinged with olive on the back. 
Throat yellowish-olive, deepening to dark clear olive on jugulum, breast, 
sides, and anal region. Abdomen dull yellow, with its lateral margins 
bounded by bands of fulvous-brown. From specimen in my collection 
shot at Upton, Me., August 26, 1874. Two other specimens, taken respec- 
tively July 28 and August 10, present no appreciable difference from the 
birds first described. 
42. Pyranga rubra. 
Occasional plumage : male. Wings and tail black; entire plumage of 
body rich orange, with a greenish tinge on flanks and anal region. From 
a specimen in my cabinet, collected by Mr. C. J. Maynard, at Waltham, 
Mass., May 27, 1869. This remarkable specimen I for a long time con- 
sidered unique, but I have recently examined another in the possession of 
Mr. Arthur Smith, of Brookline, which is its precise counterpart, and 
Mr. Ridgway tells me he has seen still others. This plumage is not to be 
confounded with the ordinary immature one of this bird, where the scarlet 
is simply of a lighter shade or mixed with patches of yellowish-green. It 
is a pronounced uniform coloring, and apparently a completed plumage. 
