in Various Species of North American Birds. 
61 
markings anywhere. From a specimen in my collection shot at Upton, 
Me., August 4, 1874. This bird was so young as to be scarcely able to fly, 
and, with the rest of the brood, was attended by the female parent. 
Adult in autumn: male. Similar to adult in spring, but with the yel- 
low of the under parts much more intense, and the black spotting on the 
breast slightly clouded by the yellow tipping of the overlapping feathers. 
From a specimen in my collection shot at Upton, Me., August 29, 1874. 
Young in autumn : male. Pileum and back greenish-olive ; nape and 
rump bluish-ash, slightly tinged with olive. Centres of a few feathers on 
the forehead and cheeks, with a continuous line along the side of the neck 
to the breast, dusky-black. A broad band of very small spots (each one 
not more than one quarter of the size of those exhibited in the adult 
plumage) across the upper part of the breast black. Otherwise similar to 
the adult. In “History of Birds of North America,” Yol. I. p. 320, Mr. 
Ridgway says, “ In the young [these spots] are obsolete.” 
39 . Geothlypis Philadelphia. 
First 'plumage : female. Remiges, rectrices, etc., as in adult. Rest of 
upper parts, with wing-coverts and sides of head, dull reddish-brown, 
becoming almost cinnamon on the back, and tinged strongly with ashy on 
the pileum. Entire under parts light reddish-brown, most pronounced 
on the abdominal and anal regions, becoming lighter on the throat, and 
darker, with a strong olive suffusion, on the breast and sides. N o appre- 
ciable maxillary or supra-orbital stripes. From a specimen in my collec- 
tion shot at Upton, Me., August 11, 1876. This bird was very young ; in 
fact, barely able to fly. A slight doubt exists in my mind as to its iden- 
tity, for I did not actually see the parent birds feed it, though both were in 
.the immediate vicinity and exhibited much solicitude. This specimen is 
separable from the corresponding stage of G. trichas by the ashy cast of 
the pileum and the absence of brownish on the sides. 
Autumnal plumage : young male. Entire upper parts olive-green, the 
feathers of the pileum and nape being just tipped with this color and 
showing plainly the ashy underneath when disarranged. Sides of head, 
with broad bands extending down each side of the throat and nearly meet- 
ing across the jugulum, ash, washed with greenish-olive. Sides, with a 
broad connected band across anal region and breast, dull olive-green. 
Rest of under parts, with central areas of throat and jugulum, very clear 
rich yellow, intensifying into a spot of orange on the breast. In two 
specimens ’(both males) a yellow tipping of the feathers on the jugulum 
nearly conceals much black underneath, which becomes conspicuous when 
the plumage is slightly disarranged. 
Autumal plumage : young female. Similar to the male, but with a more 
olive cast to the green of the dorsal aspect, less ashy on head, and the 
spot on the breast of richer, deeper color, and broader diffusion. The 
young of both sexes in autumnal plumage have the upper and lower eye- 
